Studientyp:
Epidemiologische Studie
(Beobachtungsstudie)
Pooled analysis of recent studies on magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia
epidem.
[Gepoolte Analyse neuerer Studien zu Magnetfeldern und Kinder-Leukämie]
Von:
Kheifets L, Ahlbom A, Crespi CM, Draper G, Hagihara J, Lowenthal RM, Mezei G, Oksuzyan S, Schüz J, Swanson J, Tittarelli A, Vinceti M, Wünsch-Filho V
Veröffentlicht in: Br J Cancer 2010; 103 (7): 1128-1135
Ziel der Studie (lt. Autor)
Es wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen extrem niederfrequenten Magnetfeldern und Kinderleukämie in einer gepoolten Analyse von sieben neueren Studien untersucht. Folgende Studien, die nach den gepoolten Analysen von Greenland et al (2000) und Ahlbom et al (2000) durchgeführt wurden, wurden eingeschlossen: Bianchi et al, 2000 (Italien), Schüz et al, 2001 (Deutschland), Kabuto et al, 2006 (Japan), Lowenthal et al, 2007 (Tasmanien/Australien), Malagoli et al, 2010 (Italien), Kroll et al, 2010 (Großbritannien), and Wunsch Filho, Brasilien (persönliche Mitteilung, 2009).
Endpunkt/Art der Risikoabschätzung
Exposition
Abschätzung
Expositionsgruppen
|
Gruppe
|
Charakteristik
|
|
Referenzgruppe 1
|
Magnetfeld-Exposition: < 0,1 µT
|
|
Gruppe 2
|
Magnetfeld-Exposition: 0,1 - < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 3
|
Magnetfeld-Exposition: 0,2 - < 0,3 µT
|
|
Gruppe 4
|
Magnetfeld-Exposition: ≥ 0,3 µT
|
Population
-
Gruppe:
-
Alter:
0–15 Jahre
-
Merkmale:
Kinder-Leukämie
-
Beobachtungszeitraum:
1962 - 2009
-
Studienort:
Deutschland, Italien, Großbritannien, Japan, Australien, Brasilien
Studiengröße
| Typ |
Wert |
| Gesamtzahl |
10.865 |
Statistische Analysemethode:
(
Anpassung:
)
Ergebnisse (lt. Autor)
Insgesamt gehörten 26 von 10865 Fällen und 50 von 12583 Kontrollen in die Gruppe mit der höchsten Magnetfeld-Exposition (> 0,3 µT); davon waren 11 Fälle und 30 Kontrollen aus der Studie von Brasilien. In den gemeinsamen Ergebnissen stieg das Risiko für Kinder-Leukämie mit dem Anstieg der Exposition, aber die Werte sind wegen geringer Fallzahlen ungenau (OR 1,07, KI 0,81-1,41 für die Magnetfeld-Exposition von 0,1-0,2 µT; OR 1,16, KI 0,69-1,93 für die Magnetfeld-Exposition von 0,2-0,3 µT und OR 1,44, KI 0,88-2,36 für die Magnetfeld-Exposition von mehr als 0,3 µT). Die Werte für die Odds Ratios waren etwas höher ohne die am stärksten beeinflussenden Studie aus Brasilien.
Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Ergebnisse der vorangegangenen gepoolten Analysen von Greenland et al (2000) und Ahlbom et al (2000). Die Autoren schlussfolgern, dass durch die neueren Studien zu Magnetfeldern und Kinderleukämie die frühere Einschätzung sich nicht ändert, dass Magnetfelder möglicherweise karzinogen sind.
Studie gefördert durch
-
Associazione Sostegno Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (ASEOP) ONLUS, Italy
-
Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL), Brazil
-
Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit (Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety), Germany
-
Children with Leukaemia Foundation, UK
-
Department of the Environment of Reggio Emilia Municipality, Italy
-
National Cancer Institute (NCI; U.S. National Institutes of Health), Maryland, USA
Kommentare zu diesem Artikel
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Schmiedel S et al.
(2010):
The association between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and childhood leukaemia in epidemiology: enough is enough?
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