Studientyp:
Epidemiologische Studie
(Beobachtungsstudie)
Combined risk estimates for two German population-based case-control studies on residential magnetic fields and childhood acute leukemia
epidem.
[Gemeinsame Risiko-Abschätzung für zwei deutsche bevölkerungsbezogene Fall-Kontroll-Studien zu häuslichen Magnetfeldern und akuter Leukämie bei Kindern]
Von:
Michaelis J, Schüz J, Meinert R, Zemann E, Grigat JP, Kaatsch P, Kaletsch U, Miesner A, Brinkmann K, Kalkner W, Karner H
Veröffentlicht in: Epidemiology 1998; 9 (1): 92-94
Ziel der Studie (lt. Autor)
Weitere Details
Die Magnetfeld-Exposition wurde mit zwei verschiedenen Methoden ermittelt: Messung über 24 Stunden im Kinderzimmer der Wohnung, in der das Kind vor Diagnosestellung am längsten gewohnt hat, und Kurzzeit-Messungen in allen Wohnungen, in denen das Kind länger als ein Jahr gewohnt hat. Die Exposition wurde in hoch (0,2 µT und mehr) und niedrig (unter 0,2 µT) eingeteilt.
Endpunkt/Art der Risikoabschätzung
Art der Abschätzung:
(Odds Ratio (OR))
Exposition
Abschätzung
- Fragebogen
- Befragung
- Messung: 24-Stunden-Messung im Kinderzimmer und im Wohnzimmer (alle 15 Sekunden); Kurzzeit-Messung innerhalb der Wohnung; Punktmessungen (um Quellen erhöhter Magnetfelder aufzufinden)
- Berechnung: Median während der Nacht (22 - 6 Uhr)
Expositionsgruppen
|
Gruppe
|
Charakteristik
|
|
Referenzgruppe 1
|
Median der 24-Stunden-Messung im Kinderzimmer: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 2
|
Median der 24-Stunden-Messung im Kinderzimmer: ≥ 0,2 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 3
|
Mittel der 24-Stunden-Messung im Kinderzimmer: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 4
|
Mittel der 24-Stunden-Messung im Kinderzimmer: ≥ 0,2 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 5
|
Median während der Nacht: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 6
|
Median während der Nacht: ≥ 0,2 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 7
|
Mittel der Mediane der 24-Stunden-Messungen im Kinder- und Wohnzimmer: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 8
|
Mittel der Mediane der 24-Stunden-Messungen im Kinder- und Wohnzimmer: ≥ 0,2 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 9
|
Kurzzeit-Messung in der Wohnung, in der das Kind am längsten wohnte: < 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 10
|
Kurzzeit-Messung in der Wohnung, in der das Kind am längsten wohnte: ≥ 0,2 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 11
|
Maximum der Kurzzeit-Mess. in allen Wohnungen, in denen das Kind > 1 Jahr wohnte: < 0.2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 12
|
Maximum der Kurzzeit-Mess. in allen Wohnungen, in denen das Kind > 1 Jahr wohnte: ≥ 0.2 µT
|
Population
-
Gruppe:
-
Alter:
0–14 Jahre
-
Beobachtungszeitraum:
Juli 1988 - Juni 1993 in Niedersachsen, Januar 1991 - September 1994 in Berlin
-
Studienort:
Deutschland (Niedersachsen, Berlin)
Fallgruppe
Kontrollgruppe
-
Auswahl:
-
Matching:
- Geschlecht
- Region
- Geburtsdatum
Studiengröße
|
Fälle |
Kontrollen |
| Anzahl geeignet |
283 |
- |
| Anzahl auswertbar |
176 |
414 |
Statistische Analysemethode:
- konditionale logistische Regression
(
Anpassung:
- Alter
- Geschlecht
- Region
- sozioökonomischer Status
- Alter bei Diagnose, Grad der Verstädterung
)
Ergebnisse (lt. Autor)
11,5 % der Kinder in Ost-Berlin, 4,9 % in West-Berlin und 1,5 % in Niedersachsen waren bei einem Magnetfeld mit einem Median über 0,2 µT exponiert.
Bei einem Median der 24-Stundenmessung im Kinderzimmer über 0,2 µT wurde ein nicht-signifikant erhöhtes Risiko für Leukämie bei Kindern beobachtet. Bei jüngeren Kindern (≤ 4 Jahre) und bei Kindern, die bei Magnetfeldern über 0,2 µT während der Nacht exponiert waren, wurden signifikante Zusammenhänge beobachtet. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie, die auf Messungen der magnetischen Feldstärke beruhen, unterstützen die Hypothese, dass eine erhöhte Exposition gegenüber Magnetfeldern mit Kinder-Leukämie zusammenhängen könnte.
Einschränkungen (lt. Autor)
Die Teilnehmerrate der geeigneten Personen war, besonders in Berlin, gering.
Studie gefördert durch
-
nicht angegeben/keine Förderung
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