Studientyp:
Epidemiologische Studie
(Beobachtungsstudie)
A pooled analysis of magnetic fields, wire codes, and childhood leukemia. Childhood Leukemia-EMF Study Group
epidem.
[Gepoolte Analyse zu Magnetfeldern, Wire Codes und Leukämie im Kindesalter. Childhood Leukemia-EMF Study Group]
Von:
Greenland S, Sheppard AR, Kaune WT, Poole C, Kelsh MA
Veröffentlicht in: Epidemiology 2000; 11 (6): 624-634
Ziel der Studie (lt. Autor)
Es wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen der Exposition bei 50/60 Hz-Magnetfeldern und Leukämie im Kindesalter untersucht. Dazu wurde eine gepoolte Analyse durchgeführt, die auf den Rohdaten aus 15 Studien basiert, die in England (Coghill et al.), Neuseeland (Dockerty et al.), Mexiko (Fajardo-Gutierrez et al., Bericht in spanischer Sprache veröffentlicht), Schweden (Feychting et al.), Rhode Island/USA (Fulton et al.), Ontario/Kanada (Green et al.), Osten der USA (Linet et al.), Los Angeles/USA (London et al.), Kanada (McBride), Deutschland (Michaelis et al.), Dänemark (Olsen et al.), Denver/USA (Savitz et al.), Schweden (Tomenius), Norwegen (Tynes et al.), Finnland (Verkasalo et al.), and Denver/USA (Wertheimer et al.) durchgeführt wurden.
Weitere Details
Die Autoren der 15 Studien stellten anonyme Datensätze der einzelnen Teilnehmer ihrer Studien zur Verfügung. Die Ziel-Messgröße für die Magnetfeld-Exposition wurde als die Exposition des Kindes bis zu 3 Monate vor der Diagnose definiert. Dazu wurde für jedes Kind die Exposition-Abschätzung neu berechnet. Wire Codes, die in allen nordamerikanischen Studien verwendet wurden, wurden getrennt analysiert. In vier Studien wurden sowohl Magnetfelder gemessen als auch Wire Codes bestimmt.
Endpunkt/Art der Risikoabschätzung
Art der Abschätzung:
(Odds Ratio (OR))
Exposition
Abschätzung
Expositionsgruppen
|
Gruppe
|
Charakteristik
|
|
Referenzgruppe 1
|
Magnetfeld-Kategorie: ≤ 0,1 µT
|
|
Gruppe 2
|
Magnetfeld-Kategorie: > 0,1 - ≤ 0,2 µT
|
|
Gruppe 3
|
Magnetfeld-Kategorie: > 0,2 - ≤ 0,3 µT
|
|
Gruppe 4
|
Magnetfeld-Kategorie: > 0,3 µT
|
|
Referenzgruppe 5
|
Niederstrom-Konfiguration LCC (umfasst normalen Niederstrom, geringen Niederstrom und unterirdische Kabel)
|
|
Gruppe 6
|
normale Hochstrom-Konfiguration (OHCC)
|
|
Gruppe 7
|
erhöhte Hochstrom-Konfiguration (VHCC)
|
Population
-
Gruppe:
-
Alter:
0–14 Jahre
-
Merkmale:
Kinder-Leukämie
-
Studienort:
USA, Kanada, England, Schweden, Norwegen, Finnland, Deutschland, Dänemark, Neuseeland, Mexiko
Studiengröße
| Typ |
Wert |
| Teilnehmerzahl |
13.159 |
Statistische Analysemethode:
- logistische Regression
- Inverse-Varianz-Methode, Mantel-Haenszel-Methode, Maximum-Likelihood-Methode
(
Anpassung:
)
Ergebnisse (lt. Autor)
Die Magnetfeld-Abschätzung wiesen auf keinen oder einen geringen Zusammenhang zwischen Magnetfelder unterhalb von 0,3 µT und Leukämie im Kindesalter hin, aber alle Studien mit Fällen und Kontrollen in der Kategorie über 0,3 µT zeigten einen positiven Zusammenhang. Der Zusammenhang von Wire Codes mit Leukämie im Kindesalter schwankte beträchtlich zwischen den Studien (die Odds Ratios reichten von 0,7 bis 3,0), so dass keine gemittelte Abschätzung wegen der breiten, unerklärten Heterogenität vorgenommen wurde. Die Ergebnisse der gepoolten Analyse deuten darauf hin, dass nennenswerte Magnetfeld-Wirkungen, wenn es welche gibt, auf relative hohe und ungewöhnliche Expositionen beschränkt seien.
Studie gefördert durch
-
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), North Carolina, USA
-
Southern California Edison (SCE), USA
Kommentare zu diesem Artikel
-
Jaffa KC
(2001):
Pooled analysis of magnetic fields, wire codes, and childhood leukemia
-
Vastag B
(2001):
Electromagnetic fields in homes carry leukaemia risk for children, WHO agency says
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