Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sefidbakht Y et al. | 2014 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, HEK 293T cells (human embryonic kidney cells) transfected with luciferase gene | luciferase enzyme activity and oxidative stress | 940 MHz | 0.09 W/kg | continuous for up to 90 minutes | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Saikhedkar N et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | structure and function of the rat brain and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | 0.99 W/kg | continuous for 4 h/day for 15 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Liu K et al. | 2014 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) | - | 1,800 MHz | 1–4 W/kg | intermittent for 24 hours (5 min on and 10 min off) | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Motawi TK et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino | - | 900 MHz | - | - | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Akbari A et al. | 2014 | 動物, ラット/SD, 全身 | ラットの脳での酸化ストレス | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 4 h/day for 45 days | 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Cetin H et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), 全身 | oxidative stress and concentration of diverse chemical elements (see methods) in brain and liver of young rats | 900 MHz | 0.001–1.1 W/kg | 1 hour per day, starting <i>in utero</i> until the age of 4, 5, or 6 weeks | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Marzook EM et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/albino | oxidative stress and other parameters in the blood | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 24 h/day for 8 weeks | 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Maaroufi K et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/Long-Evans, 全身 | level of dopamine and serotonin, oxidative stress in brain, spatial learning and memory | 900 MHz | 0.05–0.18 W/kg | 1 hour per day for 21 consecutive days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Kang KA et al. | 2014 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts), U87 (human glioma cells), PC12 (rat pheochromocytoma cells), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) | cell viability, oxidative stress | 837–1,950 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours | 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Kesari KK et al. | 2014 | 動物, rat/ Wistar, 全身 | DNA damage, protein expression, apoptosis and oxidative stress in brain | 2,115 MHz | 0.26–0.9 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours/day for 60 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Khalil AM et al. | 2014 | ヒト, 身体の一部: right ear | oxidative stress in saliva | 1,800 MHz | 1.09 W/kg | continuous for 30 minutes | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Meena R et al. | 2014 | 動物, ラット/ウィスター, 全身 | 精巣での酸化ストレスおよび損傷 | 2.45 GHz | 0.14 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day for 45 days | 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, 2.45 GHz, 共ばく露 |
Koç A et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar | - | - | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Ozorak A et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), 全身 | oxidative stress (kidney and testis) and level of trace elements (kidney) | 900 MHz | 0.18–1.2 W/kg | 60 min/day (5 days/week) during gestation and up to 6 weeks following delivery | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Burlaka A et al. | 2013 | 動物, Japanese quail, 全身: embryo <i>in ovo</i> | oxidative stress in quail embryos | 900 MHz | 3 µW/kg | intermittent for 158 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off" | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF |
Ni S et al. | 2013 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human eye lens epithelial cells (HLE B3) | cell viability, oxidative stress | 1,800 MHz | 2–4 W/kg | intermittent (5 minutes field "on"/10 minutes field "off") for up to 24 hours | GSM, 移動体通信システム, RF, マイクロ波 |
Bodera P et al. | 2013 | - | - | - | - | - | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Deshmukh PS et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 | spatial memory and learning, oxidative stress in blood | 900 MHz | 84.738 µW/kg | 2 h/day, 5 days a week for 30 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in thymocytes, genotoxicity | 900 MHz | 0.043–0.135 W/g | continuous for 4 hours/day on 20, 40 or 60 consecutive days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Ozgur E et al. | 2013 | 動物, rabbit/New Zealand, 全身: prenatal and/or postnatal | blood parameters, lipid peroxidation | 1,800 MHz | - | 15 min/day for 7 days in pregnant animals (between 15th and 22nd day of gestation), for 7 days in female infants and for 14 days in male infants | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Tkalec M et al. | 2013 | 無脊椎動物, earthworm (<i>Eisenia fetida</i>), 全身 | genotoxicity, oxidative stress | 900 MHz | 0.13–9.33 mW/kg | continuous for 2 hours | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Liu C et al. | 2013 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) | DNA damage, oxidative stress | 1,800 MHz | 1–4 W/kg | intermittent (5 min on, 10 min off) for 24 hours | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Jelodar G et al. | 2013 | 動物, ラット/SD, 全身 | 精巣での酸化ストレス | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 4 h/day for 45 days | 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム |
Bilgici B et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress in brain and serum | 850–950 MHz | 1.08 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day for 3 weeks | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Jelodar G et al. | 2013 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | oxidative stress in the eye | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 4 h/day on 45 days | 携帯電話基地局, 移動体通信システム |
Eser O et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900–2,400 MHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Kerman M et al. | 2012 | 動物, 全身 | oxidative stress in rat brain | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 30 min/day for 10 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF, 共ばく露 |
Kumari K et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | effects on liver: oxidative stress and liver values | 900 MHz | 0.15 W/kg | continuous for 2 hours/day for 35 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, 2.45 GHz |
Khirazova EE et al. | 2012 | 動物, white rat, 全身 | behavior in open field test, antioxidant defense system | 905 MHz | 1.67 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Al-Damegh MA | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | histopathological alterations in the testis, oxidative stress in blood and testis | 900–1,900 MHz | 0.9 W/kg | continuous for 15, 30 or 60 min/day during 14 days | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Avci B et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in blood and brain | 1,750–1,850 MHz | 0.4 W/kg | continuous for 1 h/day during 3 weeks | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Lu YS et al. | 2012 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養 | oxidative stress: reactive oxygen species formation, apoptosis and DNA damage | 900 MHz | 0.43 W/kg | continuous for 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h or 8 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Hong MN et al. | 2012 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, MCF10 A cells (human breast epithelial cells) | oxidative stress | 837 MHz | 2–4 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Calabro E et al. | 2012 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) | cellular stress response (heat shock protein expression, cell viability and apoptosis) | 1,760 MHz | 0.086 W/kg | continuous for 2 h and 4 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Demirel S et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in eye tissue and serum | 1.9–2.2 GHz | 0.5 W/kg | continuous for 40 min/day from the 2nd to the 21st day | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム |
Kismali G et al. | 2012 | 動物, rabbit/New Zealand White, 全身 | blood chemistry, oxidative stress: lipid persoxidation | 1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 15 min/day during 7 days (day 15 to day 22 of gestation) | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, PW パルス波 |
Khalil AM et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 | DNA damage/oxidative stress (urinary level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine) | 1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 2 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Guler G et al. | 2012 | 動物, rabbit/New Zealand, 全身 | effects on the liver of young rabbits (DNA damage and lipid peroxidation) | 1,800 MHz | 1.8 W/kg | continuous for 15 min/day on 7 days (female) or 14 days (male) | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Dogan M et al. | 2012 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | brain metabolism, oxidative stress, histopathology and apoptosis in the brain | 1.9 Hz–2.2 GHz | - | every day two times 20 min (1x talking, 1x listening mode) from day 2 to day 21 | デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Singh HP et al. | 2012 | 植物, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek, hypocotyls | effects on plants: root growth (rhizogenesis) and oxidative stress | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 0.5, 1, 2 h | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Ahmad L et al. | 2011 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, human spermatozoa | - | 900 MHz | - | - | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, GSM |
Oguzturk H et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 1.9–2.2 GHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Stander BA et al. | 2011 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) | - | 900 MHz | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, RF |
El Nabarawy NA et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress in liver and kidney of rats | 900 MHz | 1.075 W/kg | 1 hour/day for 60 days | 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露 |
Kesari KK et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress and metabolism in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.9 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day on 45 days | 携帯電話, GSM, FDMA, TDMA, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Aydin B et al. | 2011 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | oxidative stress in organs of the immune system (spleen, thymus, bone marrow), polymorphonuclear leukocytes and plasma | 900 MHz | 0.28–0.78 W/kg | continuous for 2h/day on 45 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム |
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. | 2011 | 無傷細胞/細胞培養, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line), U87 (human astrocytoma cells), CHME5 (human microglial cells), and primary cortical neuron cultures | oxidative stress (production of reactive oxygen species) | 1,800 MHz | 2–10 W/kg | continuous for 1 h or 24 h | GSM, 移動体通信システム, AM 振幅変調, PW パルス波 |
Awanti SM et al. | 2010 | ヒト | - | - | - | - | 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話 |
Ozgur E et al. | 2010 | 動物, guinea pig, 全身 | oxidative stress and nitrosative stress in the liver | 1,800 MHz | 0.38 W/kg | continuous for 10 min./day on 7 days or 20 min./day on 7 days | 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, PW パルス波 |
Imge EB et al. | 2010 | 動物, rat/Wistar albino, 全身 | oxidative stress and purine metabolism in the brain | 900 MHz | 0.95 W/kg | 4 weeks - mobile phone in stand-by mode, called four times a day for 10 min. | 移動体通信システム, デジタル携帯電話 |
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