研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[低強度の無線周波放射にばく露した胚細胞でのフリーラジカル種の過剰産生] med./bio.

Overproduction of free radical species in embryonal cells exposed to low intensity radiofrequency radiation

著者: Burlaka A, Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Lukin S, Polishuk V, Tsehmistrenko S, Yakymenko I
掲載誌: Exp Oncol 2013; 35 (3): 219-225
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この研究は、低強度の無線周波放射（RF-EMR）にばく露した胚細胞におけるフリーラジカル種の産生を調べた。ニホンウズラの卵内の胚に、GSM 900 MHz（0.25 μW/cm2）の断続的ばく露（市販の携帯電話の信号発生のOn（48c［単位cは原文のまま］）、Off（12c）をコンピュータ制御した；並べた卵の上方3cmに携帯電話を固定）を胚発生前に120時間、その後孵卵器に入れた発生初期に38-240時間実施した。ばく露継続中、38時間、5日間、10日間のばく露（擬似ばく露）後の細胞／組織の超酸化物、窒素酸化物、チオバルビツール酸反応物質（TBARS）、8-オキソ-2'-デオキシグアノシン、抗酸化酵素活性のレベルを測定した。その結果、全てのばく露期間のばく露群の胚細胞において、超酸化物と窒素酸化物の持続的過剰産生が有意であった；したがってばく露群では、TBARS、8-オキソ-2'-デオキシグアノシンのレベル上昇、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼとカタラーゼの活性レベル低下が見られた、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To evaluate the level of oxidative stress in quail embryos exposed in ovo to a radiofrequency electromagnetic field emitted by a mobile phone.

詳細情報

An exposure group (n=10) and a control group (n=10) were examined for different exposure durations. During the first 120 hours, eggs were exposed at room temperature. Then, eggs were transferred into an incubator (38°C) and exposure was continued for 38 hours, 5 days or 10 days. In the 360 hours-exposed group, tissue homogenates of brain, liver and heart were examined, while in the 158 hours- and 240 hours-exposed groups, a homogenate of the whole embryo was examined.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 900 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: intermittent for 158 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off"
  • 電力密度: 0.25 µW/cm² mean (± 0.008 µW/cm², on the egg surface)
  • SAR: 3 µW/kg
ばく露2: 900 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: intermittent for 240 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off"
  • 電力密度: 0.25 µW/cm² mean (± 0.008 µW/cm², on the egg surface)
  • SAR: 3 µW/kg
ばく露3: 900 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: intermittent for 360 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off"
  • 電力密度: 0.25 µW/cm² mean (± 0.008 µW/cm², on the egg surface)
  • SAR: 3 µW/kg

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 900 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 intermittent for 158 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off"
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Additional information

GSM
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • セルラ－電話
  • Nokia 3120
チャンバの詳細 brooding was carried out in a foam plastic incubator, free of metal covers; temperature 38-38.5°C, relative humidity 60%
ばく露装置の詳細 eggs placed on horizontal trays; cell phone positioned on a plastic stand inside the incubator at a distance of 3 cm from the eggs; unexposed eggs placed inside the same incubator at a distance of 10 cm from the exposed eggs and shielded by a few layers of aluminum foil; cell phone kept in connecting mode by auto-redial
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 0.25 µW/cm² mean - - ± 0.008 µW/cm², on the egg surface
SAR 3 µW/kg - 計算値 - -
Additional parameter details

background RF in the laboratory was 0.001 µW/cm² (100 - 3000 MHz); aluminum foil shield ensured near-the-background level of RF irradiation (0.002 µW/cm²)

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 900 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 intermittent for 240 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off"
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 0.25 µW/cm² mean - - ± 0.008 µW/cm², on the egg surface
SAR 3 µW/kg - 計算値 - -

ばく露3

主たる特性
周波数 900 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 intermittent for 360 h: 48 sec "on" (speech mode), 12 sec "off"
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 0.25 µW/cm² mean - - ± 0.008 µW/cm², on the egg surface
SAR 3 µW/kg - 計算値 - -

Reference articles

  • Tsybulin O et al. (2013): [GSM900 MHz携帯電話放射はばく露時間に依存してニホンウズラでの初期胚発生を刺激または抑制し得る]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The level of superoxide was significantly increased in the 158 hours-exposed group and in the liver and the heart of the 360 hours-exposed group compared to the corresponding control groups. In all exposure groups, the level of nitrogen oxide was significantly increased compared to the control group. After 240 hours-exposure, lipid peroxidation was significantly enhanced in comparison to the control group as well as after 360 hours-exposure in the heart. In the 158 hours- and the 240 hours-exposed group, a significant higher level of oxidative DNA damage was found compared to the control group. After 240 hours-exposure, the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased compared to the control group, while the enzyme activity of catalase was significantly increased. However, in the liver of 360 hours exposed embryos, the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased, while the enzyme activity of catalase was significantly decreased.
The authors conclude, that in ovo-exposure to a radiofrequency electromagnetic field emitted by a mobile phone could lead to oxidative stress in quail embryos.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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