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Experimental studies on mobile communications

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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Brooks AM et al. 2024 動物 - 1.8 GHz - - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話基地局, GSM, RF
Minoretti P et al. 2023 ヒト - - - - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, 4G
Mansourian M et al. 2022 動物 - 5 kHz–900 MHz - - 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 電気刺激, 電気療法, 中間周波, 非EMF, 共ばく露
Mansourian M et al. 2021 無傷細胞/細胞培養, 動物 - 5 kHz–900 MHz - - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, GSM, 電気刺激, 中間周波, 信号/パルス, 非EMF, 共ばく露
Mansourian M et al. 2020 無傷細胞/細胞培養, 動物 - 217 Hz–5 kHz - - GSM, 移動体通信システム, 磁界, 電気刺激, 低周波電磁界, 信号/パルス, 中間周波, 共ばく露, 非EMF
Ouadah NS et al. 2018 動物, 身体の一部 - 900 MHz - - GSM, 移動体通信システム
Falcioni L et al. 2018 動物, 全身 brain and heart tumors 1,835 MHz 0.001–0.1 W/kg - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話基地局, GSM
Liu YX et al. 2015 無傷細胞/細胞培養, U251-MG, U87-MG, T98G and A127 (human glioblastoma cell lines) cellular parameters <i>in vitro</i> and tumorigenesis <i>in vivo</i> 1,950 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 12 hours 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム
Lerchl A et al. 2015 動物, mouse/C3H/HeNCrl x C57Bl/6N, 全身 number, size and morphology of tumors in different tissues - 0.04–2 W/kg continuous for 23.3 h per day, 7 days per week, starting <i>in utero</i> up to 72 weeks 携帯電話, UMTS, 移動体通信システム, 共ばく露
Akhavan-Sigari R et al. 2014 ヒト, 身体の一部: head relationship between <i>p53</i> expression, <i>p53</i> mutations, survival time and cell phone usage 800–1,900 MHz 0.66–1.53 W/kg repeated daily exposure of less than 3 hours 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム
Yang L et al. 2012 無傷細胞/細胞培養, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts) neoplastic promotion: cell morphology and cell proliferation <i>in vitro</i>; cancer promoting activity <i>in vivo</i> 916 MHz - continuous for 2 h/day every day, until cells lost their contact inhibition (up to 8 weeks) 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波, CW 連続波
Lee HJ et al. 2011 動物, mouse/AKR/J, 全身 carcinogenesis (lymphoma incidence) 848.5–1,950 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for up to 42 weeks 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, CDMA, W-CDMA
Tillmann T et al. 2010 動物, mouse/B6C3F1, 全身 neoplasms and pre-neoplastic lesions and tumour incidences in spleen, kidneys, liver, lung, lymph nodes, and brain 1,966 MHz 0.62–5.76 W/kg continuous for 20 hr/day, 7 days/week for up to 24 months UMTS, 移動体通信システム
Hruby R et al. 2008 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 mammary tumor 902 MHz 0.4–4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, for 6 months デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Saran A et al. 2007 動物, mouse/<i>Patched1</i> (heterozygous knockout mouse) and wild type, 全身 carcinogenesis and tumor promotion 900 MHz 0.4 W/kg 0.5 h/twice a day for 5 days (from day 2 to day 6 after birth) with a 6 h intervall between exposures デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Smith P et al. 2007 動物, rat/Han Wistar (HanBrl:WIST), 全身 carcinogenicity 902 MHz 0.41–4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 52 or 104 weeks デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Oberto G et al. 2007 動物, mouse/PIM (transgenic mouse carrying the <i>pim</i>-1 oncogene) and wild-type C57BL6 mouse, 全身 tumor (lymphoma) incidence 900 MHz 0.5–4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, for 18 months 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム
Sommer AM et al. 2007 動物, mouse/AKR/J, 全身 lymphoma development 1.966 GHz 0.4 W/kg almost continuous for up to 248 days デジタル携帯電話, UMTS, 移動体通信システム
Shirai T et al. 2007 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 身体の一部: nose/head tumor development in the central nervous system 1.95 GHz 0.464–7.6 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks, starting at 5 weeks of age デジタル携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム
Tillmann T et al. 2007 動物, mouse/B6C3F1 carcinogenic effect 902–1,747 MHz 0.4–33.2 mW/g repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 2 years GSM, 移動体通信システム
Anghileri LJ et al. 2006 動物, mouse/Ico OFI - 800 MHz - - 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, 非EMF
Anghileri LJ et al. 2006 動物, 全身 - 800 MHz - - 携帯電話, 移動体通信システム, RF, 共ばく露
Heikkinen P et al. 2006 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 tumorigenesis; cocarcinogenic effects 900 MHz 0.3–0.9 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks デジタル携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム
Zook BC et al. 2006 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: head, nose brain and spinal cord tumors (spinal nerve, spinal cord, cranial nerve, and brain tumors) 860 MHz 0.42–1 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, from 52 ± 2 days of age until scheduled killing at 30-day intervals between 171 and 325 days of age デジタル携帯電話, 移動体通信システム
Yu D et al. 2006 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 mammary tumors 900 MHz 0.44–4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, for 26 weeks GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Huang TQ et al. 2005 動物, mouse/ICR, 全身 skin tumors 848.5 MHz 0.4 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 45 min on/15 min off/45 min on, 5 days/week for 19 weeks PCS, CDMA, 移動体通信システム
Anghileri LJ et al. 2005 動物, mouse/CF1 (Ico:OFI), 全身 carcinogenesis 800 MHz - repeated exposure for 1 hour per week for 4 months 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話
Shirai T et al. 2005 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 身体の一部: head brain and spinal cord tumors 1.439 GHz 0.4–6 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days/week for 104 weeks PDC, TDMA, 移動体通信システム
Sommer AM et al. 2004 動物, mouse/AKR/J, 全身 lymphoma 900 MHz 0.4 W/kg continuous for about 40 weeks GSM, 移動体通信システム
Anderson LE et al. 2004 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身, 身体の一部: head (from day 35 of age through 2 years) がん 1.62 GHz 0.06–1.6 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, for about 27 days 移動体通信システム, IRIDIUM
Anane R et al. 2003 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 mammary gland tumors 900 MHz 0.1–3.5 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 9 weeks GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
LaRegina MC et al. 2003 動物, rat/Fischer 344 がん 835.62 MHz 1.3 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, over two years 移動体通信システム, CDMA, FDMA, マイクロ波
Heikkinen P et al. 2003 動物, mouse/transgenic of the line K2 (over-expressing the human ODC gene) and non-transgenic littermate, 全身 skin tumours 849 MHz 0.5–4 W/kg repeated daily exposure for 1.5 h/day, 5 days/week for 52 weeks デジタル携帯電話, GSM, D-AMPS, 移動体通信システム
Utteridge TD et al. 2002 動物, mouse/Eµ-<i>Pim1</i><!--Eµ-Pim1--> (transgenic, C57BL/6Ntac) and the wild type of that strain, 全身 lymphoma 898.4 MHz 0.25–4 W/kg repeated daily exposure for 1 h/day, 5 days/week for up to 104 weeks GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Bartsch H et al. 2002 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 mammary tumors 900 MHz 60–130 mW/kg nearly continuous until the largest tumour reached a diameter of 1-2 cm GSM, 移動体通信システム
Bastide M et al. 2001 動物, chicken embryos (eggs) and chicks, mouse/C57BL/6 j RJ, 全身 cancer in mice, hormone levels in chicken and mice, antibody levels in chicken, mortality in chicken embryos 900 MHz - continuous for up to 15 weeks 携帯電話, GSM, 移動体通信システム, 磁界, 低周波電磁界, 50/60 Hz (AC), PC/TVモニタ, 遮蔽/電磁界の減衰
Heikkinen P et al. 2001 動物, mouse/CBA/s, 全身 tumor development 902.4 MHz 0.35–1.5 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 1.5 h/day, 5 days a week for 78 weeks アナログ携帯電話, デジタル携帯電話, GSM, NMT, 移動体通信システム
Imaida K et al. 2001 動物, mouse/ICR, 身体の一部: skin skin tumors 1.49 GHz 0.084–2 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days/week for 19 weeks PDC, TDMA, 移動体通信システム
Zook BC et al. 2001 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 身体の一部: head, nose brain and spinal cord tumors 860 MHz 0.42–1 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, from 2 up to 24 months of age 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話
Adey WR et al. 2000 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身, 身体の一部: head CNS tumors 836.55 MHz 0.27–1.2 W/kg continuous for about 25 days, see add. information 移動体通信システム, 携帯電話, マイクロ波
Adey WR et al. 1999 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身, 身体の一部: head CNS tumors 836.55 MHz 1–1.4 W/kg continuous for about 25 days, see add. information NADC, TDMA, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Chagnaud JL et al. 1999 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley, 全身 がん 900 MHz 75–270 mW/kg repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks 移動体通信システム, GSM, 低レベルマイクロ波
Higashikubo R et al. 1999 動物, rat/Fischer 344, implemented with different numbers of 9L gliosarcoma cells, 身体の一部: head brain tumor 835.26 MHz 0.75 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 4 h/day, 5 days/week, for up to 178 days 移動体通信システム, CDMA
Imaida K et al. 1998 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 liver cancer 929.2 MHz 0.8–72 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 90 min/day, 5 days a week, over 6 weeks 移動体通信システム, PDC, TDMA
Imaida K et al. 1998 動物, rat/Fischer 344, 全身 liver cancer 1.439 GHz 0.68–7.6 W/kg repeated daily exposure for 90 min/day, 5 days/week, over 6 weeks TDMA, 移動体通信システム
Salford L et al. 1997 動物, rat/Fischer 344; brains were infected with specific rat tumor cells (RG2 and N32 cells), 全身 brain tumor 915 MHz 0.0077–1.67 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 7 h/day, 5 days/week, for 10-15 days GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波
Repacholi MH et al. 1997 動物, mouse/Eµ-<i>Pim1</i><!--Eµ-Pim1--> transgenic (ppG64) and nontransgenic C57BL/6NTac, 全身 lymphoma 900 MHz 1.4–4.2 W/kg repeated daily exposure for 30 min every 12 h for up to 18 months GSM, 移動体通信システム
Salford LG et al. 1993 動物, rat/Fischer 344 brain tumor 915 MHz 0.0077–1.67 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 7 h/day, 5 days/week, for 10-15 days GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波