この研究は、超低周波磁界（ELF-MF）が胚性神経幹細胞（eNSCs）に与える影響を調べた。Balb/cマウスの13.5日胚の終脳から作成した初代培養eNSCsに、μメタル製チャンバー内で、50Hz正弦波磁界の間欠（5分ON/ 10分OFF）ばく露を与えた。磁界強度とばく露日数は、0.5 mT、1 mT、2 mT で3日間、または2 mT で 1、2、3日間とした。その結果、増殖に関連するパラメータ（細胞生存率、DNA合成、神経細胞塊の直径、細胞周期分布、細胞周期関連遺伝子（P53、P21、GADD45）の転写レベル）には有意な変化は見られなかった；eNSCsに分化を誘導した場合、2 mT で3日間のばく露群において、転写レベルでの神経分化関連遺伝子の変化（Sox2の発現減少とMath1、Math3、Ngn1、Tuj1の発現増加）が見られたが、その一方、ニューロンおよび星状細胞の割合は変化しなかった、と報告している。
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To investigate whether exposure to a 50 Hz-magnetic field influences the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic neural stem cells.
Cell cultures were subjected to different magnetic flux densities (0.5, 1 or 2 mT for 3 days) and exposure times (2 mT for 1, 2 or 3 days).
| 周波数 | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
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| 波形 |
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| ばく露時間 | intermittent 5 min on/10 min off for 3 days |
| Additional information | different magnetic flux densities |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | cells were exposed in plates with 96 wells (cell viability) or in 35 mm Petri dishes |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | exposure system was composed of two four-coil systems (two coils with 56 windings, two coils with 50 windings) and placed inside a µ-metal chamber; both chambers were placed inside an incubator (37°C ± 0.5°C, while temperature variance between the chambers did not exceed 0.3°C; 5% CO2; 95% humidity) |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
No significant differences between exposed and sham exposed cell cultures were observed regarding cell proliferation, diameter of neurospheres, cell cycle distribution, DNA synthesis, and the percentages of neurons and astrocytes. However, in exposed cell cultures, the gene expression of Math1, Math2, Ngn1 and Tuj1 was significantly increased compared to the sham exposed cell cultures, while the level of Sox2 was significantly decreased.
The authors conclude that exposure of embryonic neural stem cells to a 50 Hz-magnetic field could have an influence on the mRNA levels of genes related to neural differentiation.
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