この研究は、ニワトリ胚の心臓活動に対する交流電磁界（EMF；50Hz）の影響を調べた。有精卵120個を対照群（通常の培養器内）、擬似ばく露群（培養器内に設置した電源の入らないヘルムホルツコイル内）、50μTばく露群（培養器内に設置したヘルムホルツコイル内：磁界強度は約50μT､電界強度は約173 V/m）、100 μTばく露群（同様のコイル内：約100μT､約180 V/m）に分けた。ばく露は孵化までの全期間継続した。培養10日目から、心弾動図法で胚の心拍数を記録した。また培養15、18、20日目に各群10匹ずつの胚を取り出し、心臓血のサイロキシン（T4）、トリヨウ素サイロニン（T3）濃度、心臓重量、心室壁厚、アラニンアミノ基転移酵素（ALT）、アスパラギン酸アミノ基転移酵素（AST）濃度を測定した。その結果、EMFばく露群で､特に培養17日目から心拍数が増大した；ばく露群での心拍数増大は、胚発生の最終段階での血漿T4およびT3濃度の上昇と関連した；100 μTばく露群では心臓重量および血中ASTレベルに対する影響が大きかった､と報告している。
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To examine the effect of an magnetic alternating field on the heart of chick embryos.
120 fertilized eggs were divided into 4 groups: 1.) control group, developed in a normal incubator, 2.) sham exposure group, incubated in a switched-off magnetic field-generator, 3.) 50 µT-exposure group and 4.) 100 µT-exposure group. After 15, 18 and 20 days of incubation, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture from the embryos. Cardiac work was determined from the 10th day of incubation. After eclosion, 10 chicks were selected from each group for morphometric measurements of their hearts.
Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of the heart rate and the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are indicators of a damaged heart muscle.
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
|
ばく露1:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous from the first to the last day of incubation (up to 21 days)
|
|
|
ばく露2:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous from the first to the last day of incubation (up to 21 days)
|
i) 50 µT ii) 100 µT
| 周波数 | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous from the first to the last day of incubation (up to 21 days) |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | eggs were incubated in an incubator with an EMF-generator, 1-18 days of incubation: temperature 37.8 ± 0.1 °C, relative humidity 50-60%, 19-21 days of incubation: temperature 37.2 ± 0.1 °C, relative humidity 60-75% |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | generator was composed of three parts: a step-down transformer, a adjustable auto transformer and a Helmholtz coil, auto transformer was used for precise selection of the intensity of the magnetic field, Helmholtz coil was wound over a wooden frame (20 cm Œ 30 cm Œ 50 cm (width Œ height Œ length)), installed inside the incubator; the axis of the coil and the generated vector of the magnetic field were horizontal |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
No statistically significant differences between the control groups found. From the 17th day of incubation, the heart rate was significantly increased in the exposed groups in comparison to the control groups. Additionally, in the exposed groups, the concentrations of thyroxine and triiodothyronine were significantly increased at incubation day 18 and 20 in comparison to the control groups. Newly-hatched chicks from the 100 µT-exposure group had a significant increased heart weight compared to the control groups and the enzyme activity of aspartate aminotransferase was significantly increased.
The authors conclude that exposure to magnetic alternating fields could have an effect on the physiological function of the heart of chick embryos.
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