研究のタイプ: 医学/生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[網羅的遺伝子発現に対するELF磁界及びRF電磁界のばく露影響評価のモデル生体としての出芽酵母の使用] med./bio.

Using model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to evaluate the effects of ELF-MF and RF-EMF exposure on global gene expression

掲載誌: Bioelectromagnetics 2012; 33 (7): 550-560

この実験研究は、出芽酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiaeを用いて、超低周波磁界(ELF-MF)および無線周波電磁界RF-EMF)に反応する遺伝子を同定することを目的とし、酵母細胞にELF-MF(0.4 mT、50 Hz 磁界)またはRF-EMF(1800MHz、SAR=4.7 W/kg)に6時間のばく露を与えた後、マイクロアレイスクリーニングにより遺伝子発現を分析し、RT-PCR法により影響の現れた遺伝子を確認した。その結果、酵母細胞においては50 Hz ELF-MFに反応して遺伝子発現が変化することはなく、RF-EMFに対する反応はごく少数の遺伝子に限って見られたが、この変化によるその後の影響の可能性についてはさらの研究が待たれると結論している。

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研究目的(著者による)

To study the effects of 50 Hz sinusoidal extremely low frequency magnetic field and GSM 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and to identify and compare the EMF-responsive genes of these two frequencies.

詳細情報

Heat shock treatment served as positive control.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: continuous for 6 h
ばく露2: 1,800 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: intermittent, 5 min "on" - 10 min "off" for 6 h
  • SAR: 4.7 W/kg average over time (in the lowest 8 µm of the Petri dish bottom)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
波形
  • sinusoidal
ばく露時間 continuous for 6 h
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
ばく露装置の詳細 three groups of 36 cm x 36 cm square copper coils placed inside a CO2 incubator; upper, middle and lower coils connected in series and spaced 8 cm apart; coil system placed inside an iron container with ventilation holes; magnetic field uniform in a 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm area in the center of the coil system, where the 100 mm Petri dishes were placed
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
磁束密度 0.4 mT - 測定値 - -

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 1,800 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 intermittent, 5 min "on" - 10 min "off" for 6 h
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Duty cycle 12.5 %
Repetition frequency 217 Hz
Additional information

simulating GSM

ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
ばく露装置の詳細 waveguide placed inside a cell culture incubator; six 35 mm Petri dishes placed inside the waveguide at the H-field maximum of the standing wave
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 4.7 W/kg average over time 計算値 - in the lowest 8 µm of the Petri dish bottom

Reference articles

  • Zeng Q et al. (2006): [MCF-7細胞での遺伝子およびタンパク質発現に対するGSM1800MHzの無線周波電磁界の影響]
  • Schuderer J et al. (2004): [1800 MHzのインビトロ実験に用いる強力なばく露および環境制御機能を備えた高尖頭SARばく露装置]
  • Schönborn F et al. (2001): [移動通信の健康ハザード評価にためのIn vitroばく露装置の最適化]
  • Kuster N et al. (2000): [無線通信に関係した健康リスクに着目した生物実験のばく露装置の最低限必要な条件とガイドライン]
  • Li CM et al. (1999): [ギャップ結合細胞間コミュニケーションに対する50 Hz磁界の影響]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目/測定パラメータ/方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム(著者による)

Microarray-detected expression changes in three of the extremely low frequency magnetic field responsive candidate genes could not be confirmed using RT-PCR. On the other hand, out of the 40 potential radiofrequency electromagnetic field-responsive genes, only the expressions of two genes were confirmed by RT-PCR (structural maintenance of chromosomes 3 (SMC3) and aquaporin 2), while three other genes showed opposite changes in expression (downregulation) compared to the microarray data (upregulation).
In conclusion, the findings suggest that the yeast cells did not alter gene expression in response to the 50 Hz extremely low frequency magnetic field and that the response to the radiofrequency electromagnetic field is limited to only a very small number of genes. Further studies are needed to address whether the observed changes in gene expression might have any impact on Saccharomyces cerevisiae physiology.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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