研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[900 MHz無線周波電磁界にばく露した未成熟および成熟ラットにおける細胞遺伝毒性損傷の評価] med./bio.

Evaluation of the cytogenotoxic damage in immature and mature rats exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields

著者: Atli Sekeroglu Z, Akar A, Sekeroglu V
掲載誌: Int J Radiat Biol 2013; 89 (11): 985-992
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この研究は、未成熟および成熟ラットを対象に、骨髄細胞における900MHz無線周波電磁界（RF-EMF）ばく露の細胞遺伝毒性的な影響、およびばく露後の回復期の影響を調べた。ばく露は特製のパイ型ケージ固定器（円形ケージを放射状に12分割し、各コンパートメントにラットを頭から入れる。パイの中心に高さ15cmのアンテナ。アンテナと頭部の距離は3-6cm）ばく露は1日2時間で45日間実施した。ラットの全身平均SARは、0.38-0.78 W/kg（未熟ラット）、0.31-0.52 W/kg（成熟ラット）の範囲で45日間に変化した。回復期の観察は15日間行った。Wisterアルビノの2週齢（n=24）および10週齢（n=24）のラットをそれぞれ3群（n=8）に分けた。擬似ばく露群、RF-EMFばく露群、RF-EMFばく露後の回復観察群である。前二者は45日目、後者は60日目の骨髄細胞標本を検査した。その結果、未熟、成熟に拘わらず、染色体異常、多染性赤血球（PCE）での小核出現頻度およびPCE比（観察全赤血球中のPCEの割合）に3群間で有意差があった；未熟ラットでの細胞遺伝毒性上の損傷の方が成熟ラットのものより大きかった；回復期間中に損傷は対照群のレベルまで小さくならなかった、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To examine whether exposure to electromagnetic fields has a genotoxic and cytotoxic effect on bone marrow cells in immature (2 weeks old) and mature (10 weeks old) rats.

詳細情報

The following groups of rats were examined (n=8 per group): 1.) immature rats, killed directly after sham exposure period, 2.) immature rats, killed directly after exposure period, 3.) immature rats, killed 15 days after exposure period, 4.) mature rats, killed directly after sham exposure period, 5.) mature rats, killed directly after exposure period and 6.) mature rats, killed 15 days after exposure period.
Four rats were used for the micronucleus test and four rats for the chromosomal analysis and mitotic index.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 900 MHz
Modulation type: CW
ばく露時間: continuous for 2 h/day for 45 days
  • 電力: 2 W (applied output power)
  • SAR: 0.76 W/kg mean (whole body) (0.38-0.78 W/kg (for immature rats))
  • SAR: 0.37 W/kg mean (whole body) (0.31-0.52 W/kg (for mature rats))
  • 電界強度: 28.1 V/m mean (± 4.8 V/m (for immature rats))
  • 電界強度: 20 V/m mean (± 3.2 V/m (for mature rats))

General information

Rats were divided into six groups with eight animals each: i) immature control group ii) immature rats exposed to EMF iii) immature rats granted a recovery period of 15 days after exposure termination iv) mature control group v) mature rats exposed to EMF vi) mature rats granted a recovery period of 15 days after exposure termination

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 900 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 continuous for 2 h/day for 45 days
Modulation
Modulation type CW
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • GSM simulator
チャンバの詳細 rats were exposed in a pie cage restrainer for 12 rats made of plexiglas with several air holes; galvanized plate (1mm thick) was placed at the bottom for grounding of the static field
ばく露装置の詳細 antenna heights were approximately 15 cm; antenna was located in the middle of the pie cage restrainer and fixed as closely as possible to the whole body of the rat (about 6 cm from the head)
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力 2 W - - - applied output power
SAR 0.76 W/kg mean 計算値 whole body 0.38-0.78 W/kg (for immature rats)
SAR 0.37 W/kg mean 計算値 whole body 0.31-0.52 W/kg (for mature rats)
電界強度 28.1 V/m mean 測定値 - ± 4.8 V/m (for immature rats)
電界強度 20 V/m mean 測定値 - ± 3.2 V/m (for mature rats)
測定および計算の詳細

background levels of other RF sources in the laboratory were measured with a spectrum analyzer/satellite receiver and an electrical field meter, stability of the frequency system was checked every week by using a spectrum analyzer

Reference articles

  • Dasdag S et al. (2009): [ラットの脳におけるグリア細胞のアポトーシス及び酸化ストレス状態に対する携帯電話ばく露の影響]
  • Koyu A et al. (2005): [ラットのTSHおよび甲状腺ホルモンに対する900 MHz電磁界の影響]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The data showed significant increases in chromosome aberrations and micronucleus frequency, while the mitotic index and the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes was significantly decreased in bone marrow cells of all exposure groups compared with the control group. Additionally, the cytotoxic and genotoxic damage was more remarkable in immature rats than in mature rats. The 15 days of recovery period was insufficient to compensate the genotoxic damage in immature rats after exposure.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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