研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[無線周波電磁界はインビトロでヒト線維芽細胞に遺伝毒性影響を起こすが、リンパ球には起こさない] med./bio.

Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (UMTS, 1,950 MHz) induce genotoxic effects in vitro in human fibroblasts but not in lymphocytes

著者: Schwarz C, Kratochvil E, Pilger A, Kuster N, Adlkofer F, Rudiger HW
掲載誌: Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2008; 81 (6): 755-767
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この研究は、3人のドナーからのヒト線維芽細胞の培養細胞および短期培養したヒトリンパ球を対象に、SAR 2 W/kg、1950MHzのUMTSばく露の影響を、アルカリコメットアッセイでのコメットテイルファクター（CTF）およびセントロメア抗体染色陰性試験による小核（MN）出現頻度で調べた。ばく露量、ばく露時間に依存した遺伝毒性の出現に注意を払った。その結果、ヒト線維芽細胞では、0.05W/kgのSARで24時間ばく露した場合、CTFおよびMNは有意に増加した；0.1W/kgのSARではCTFは8時間培養で、MNは12時間培養で有意に増加した；リンパ球では影響が見られ無かった、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

The authors aimed to extend their investigation with cultured human diploid fibroblasts and lymphocytes exposed to GSM signals which they carried out as part of the REFLEX project (cf. publication 11910 and publication 9089) to the exposure of the same cell lines to UMTS exposure.

詳細情報

Human cultured fibroblasts of three different donors and three different short-term human lymphocyte cultures were exposed. Positive and negative controls were included in each set of experiments.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 1,950 MHz
ばく露時間: continuous for 24 h
ばく露2: 1,950 MHz
ばく露時間: continuous for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 48 h
  • SAR: 0.1 W/kg
ばく露3: 1,950 MHz
ばく露時間: intermittent for 16 h: 5 min on/10 or 20 min off and 10 min on/10 or 20 min off
  • SAR: 0.1 W/kg

General information

Positive and negative controls were included in each set of experiments. Negative controls were cultured in the incubator for as long as the corresponding exposure, slides of positive controls immersed in ice-cold phosphate-buffered saline were irradiated for 3 min using UV light (254 nm, 800 µW/cm²).

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 1,950 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 continuous for 24 h
Modulation
Modulation type cf. additional information
Additional information

sophisticated UMTS test signal synthesized by Niels Kuster
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • 導波管
  • R18, rectangular, short-circuited
チャンバの詳細 Two waveguides were placed inside a commercial incubator at 37 °C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity. A computer randomly determined which of the two waveguides was used for exposure (blind design).
ばく露装置の詳細 Six 35-mm Petri dishes were exposed simultaneously in the waveguide and placed in the H-field maxima by means of a dish holder.
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Additional information Exposure was controlled by field sensors, air temperature sensors, and by an optimized airflow system [Schuderer and Kuster, 2003 and Schonborn et al., 2001].
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 0.05 W/kg - - - -
SAR 0.1 W/kg - - - -
SAR 0.5 W/kg - - - -
SAR 1 W/kg - - - -
SAR 2 W/kg - - - -
測定および計算の詳細

The exposure system showed an SAR non-uniformity for monolayer cell cultures of less than 26% and a temperature load of less than 0.03 °C per W/kg. The temperature difference between the waveguides did not exceed 0.1 °C. For further details and dosimetry see Schuderer J (2005) EMF risk assessment: ''in vitro'' research and sleep studies. In: Series in microelectronics. Hartung-Gorre Verlag, Konstanz.

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 1,950 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 continuous for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 48 h
Modulation
Modulation type cf. additional information
Additional information

sophisticated UMTS test signal synthesized by Niels Kuster
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 0.1 W/kg - - - -

ばく露3

主たる特性
周波数 1,950 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 intermittent for 16 h: 5 min on/10 or 20 min off and 10 min on/10 or 20 min off
Modulation
Modulation type cf. additional information
Additional information

sophisticated UMTS test signal synthesized by Niels Kuster
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 0.1 W/kg - - - -

Reference articles

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

UMTS exposure increased the "comet tail factor" and induced centromere-negative micronuclei in the fibroblasts in a dose and time-dependent way. No UMTS effect was found with lymphocytes, either unstimulated or stimulated with PHA.
UMTS exposure may cause genetic alterations in some but not in all human cells in vitro.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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