研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[過敏症及び健康な被験者からのリンパ球における53BP1とγ-H2Axに対する携帯電話からのマイクロ波照射の影響] med./bio.

Microwaves from GSM mobile telephones affect 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons

著者: Markova E, Hillert L, Malmgren L, Persson BR, Belyaev IY
掲載誌: Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113 (9): 1172-1177
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この研究は、健常者および電磁界（EMF）過敏症の自己申告者から採取したヒトリンパ球に異なる搬送周波数のGSMシステムのマイクロ波（MW）を照射し、その影響を調べた。照射後に、ストレス応答および遺伝毒性影響の指標となるクロマチン立体構造の変化を、異常粘度時間依存法で測定した。また、DNA二重鎖切断（DSB）の指標として、腫瘍抑制因子p53結合タンパク質1（53BP1）とリン酸化ヒストンγ-H2AXが共局在するフォーカスを免疫蛍光共焦点レーザー顕微鏡で分析した。その結果、GSM携帯電話のMWは、熱ショックと同様にクロマチンの立体構造および53BP1 /γ-H2AX フォーカスに影響することが示された；この研究で初めて、ヒトリンパ球に対する携帯電話のMWの影響は、キャリア周波数に依存するが示された；しかしこのような影響に、が健常者およびEMF過敏症自己申告者のリンパ球での違いはなかった、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To study the effects of microwaves of Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) at different carrier frequencies on human lymphocytes from healthy persons and from persons reporting hypersensitivity to electromagnetic fields.

詳細情報

Heat treatment in water bath (at 41°C and 43°C) was used as a positive control for stress response.
Several proteins, such as the tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) and the phosphorylated histone H2AX (gamma-H2AX), have been shown to produce discrete intranuclear foci, which are believed to colocolize with DNA double-strand breaks providing a scaffold structure for DNA double-strand breaks repair.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 905–915 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: continuous for 1 h
  • 電力: 2 W cf. remarks (pulse power)
  • SAR: 37 mW/kg mean (15-122 mW/kg)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 905–915 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 continuous for 1 h
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 577 µs
Additional information

Neither voice modulation nor DTX mode was applied.
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
チャンバの詳細 Cells were exposed in 14 ml round-bottom tubes (2.5 ml cell suspension per tube) which were placed in a humidified CO2 incubator maintained at 37°C.
ばく露装置の詳細 The output of the mobile phone (see reference article) was connected via coaxial cable to a TEM cell. The power was monitored online using a power meter.
Additional information In each experiment, the cells from the same blood samples were exposed in the same TEM cell in sequence and in random order to microwaves at 905 MHz and 915 MHz and sham-exposed with microwaves off. Heat treatment in a water bath, at 41°C and 43°C, was used as a positive control for stress responses. As a positive control for genotoxic effect, the cells were irradiated with 137Cs γ-rays, at 3 Gy, with a dose rate of 10.6 Gy/min.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力 2 W cf. remarks 測定値 - pulse power
SAR 37 mW/kg mean 測定値および計算値 - 15-122 mW/kg
Additional parameter details

Static magnetic field and background magnetic field were measured to be 18 ± 2 µT and not more than 200 nT rms, respectively.

測定および計算の詳細

The SAR was determined by measurement and calculation. Transmitted and reflected powers were measured using a power meter and a coaxial directional coupler as well as a signal generator and a power amplifier. The SAR calculated from the absorbed power and the mass of the sample showed good correlation with calculations using the FDTD method (see Sarimov et al. 2004 publication 13460). Because of non-equal distribution of SAR through the exposed volume, the minimal and maximal FDTD-derived SARs were 2.5-fold lower and 3.3-fold higher, respectively, compared with the mean values. All these SAR values were well below thermal effects, and no changes in temperature were induced during exposures.

Reference articles

  • Belyaev IY et al. (2005): [915MHzマイクロ波及び50Hz磁界は過敏症及び健康なヒトからのヒトリンパ球における染色質構造及び53BP1フォーカスに影響する]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

Microwaves from GSM mobile phones affect chromatin conformation and 53BP1/gamma-H2AX foci similar to heat shock. These effects indicate stress responses and/or DNA damage. The effects of microwaves from mobile phones on human lymphocytes are dependent on carrier frequency. On average, the same response was found in lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy subjects.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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