研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[男性生殖細胞系列のDNA完全性に対する無線周波電磁界の影響] med./bio.

Impact of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation on DNA integrity in the male germline

著者: Aitken RJ, Bennetts LE, Sawyer D, Wiklendt AM, King BV
掲載誌: Int J Androl 2005; 28 (3): 171-179
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この研究は、900MHz無線周波（RF）電磁界にばく露させたマウスの精巣上体尾部から採取した精子のDNA損傷を調べた。ばく露は、導波管内で、SAR約90ｍW/kgに、1日12時間、7日間行った。精子のDNA損傷は、定量的PCR法およびアルカリ的パルスフィールドゲル電気泳動法で評価した。その結果、RF処置群において、精子の数、形態、生存率など全ての評価指標に有意な影響はなかった；ゲル電気泳動法では、DNAの一重鎖および二重鎖の切断の証拠がなかった；一方、定量的PCR法では、ミトコンドリアゲノムおよび核βグロビン遺伝子座の両方への有意な損傷が見られた，と報告している。

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研究目的(acc. to editor)

To study the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic irradiation on the induction of DNA damage in male germ cells of mice.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 900 MHz
Modulation type: CW
ばく露時間: repeated daily exposure, 12 h/day for 7 days
  • 電界強度: 85 V/m mean (± 10 V/m along the vertical axis)
  • 電界強度: 30 V/m mean (± 10 V/m along the horizontal axis)
  • 電力密度: 19 W/m² mean (± 10 W/m²)
  • SAR: 90 mW/kg mean (whole body)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 900 MHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
特性
  • guided field
ばく露時間 repeated daily exposure, 12 h/day for 7 days
Modulation
Modulation type CW
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • quarter wave mobile phone antenna, RF generator
チャンバの詳細 A rectangular waveguide (300 x 300 x 1000 mm) was fabricated from 1 x 1 mm brass mesh glued to an aluminium frame, and the ends were filled with 15 cm thick carbon-impregnated, RF-absorbing foam. The amplifier output was connected through a matching network into a quarter wave mobile phone antenna placed transverse and vertical in the centre of the waveguide. The matching network was tuned using a power/SWR meter.
ばく露装置の詳細 Four or five mice were placed inside the waveguide in a polycarbonate cage (130 x 160 x 330 mm). The same number of mice were placed outside the waveguide in an identical cage for control.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 85 V/m mean 測定値 - ± 10 V/m along the vertical axis
電界強度 30 V/m mean 測定値 - ± 10 V/m along the horizontal axis
電力密度 19 W/m² mean 測定値および計算値 - ± 10 W/m²
SAR 90 mW/kg mean 推定値 whole body -
測定および計算の詳細

A spectrum analyser and an E-field probe were used to check the radiation levels during exposure. Prior to the experiments, a calibrated single axis probe (electrically short dipole and detector diode) was used to calibrate the E-field probe and to examine the spatial field variations over a grid of 10 cm and 6 cm in the longitudinal and the transverse directions, respectively. The whole-body SAR was estimated using a value of 0.045 W/kg per mW/cm² of irradiation intensity for a prolate spheroid model of a mouse in the H orientation.

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露中
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The exposed animals kept normal and all assessment criteria (including sperm number, morphology and vitality) were not significantly affected. Gel electrophoresis revealed no gross evidence of increased single-strand breaks or double-strand breaks in spermatozoa taken from exposed mice. However, a detailed analysis of DNA integrity using quantitative PCR revealed statistically significant damage to both the mitochondrial genome and the nuclear beta-globin locus.
The data suggest that radiofrequency electromagnetic irradiation does not have a marked impact on male germ cell development, but a significant genotoxic effect on epididymal spermatozoa is evident and deserves further investigation.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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