研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (observational study)

[低強度電磁界下のシジュウカラシジュウカラにおける1回産卵数および卵容積の増加：長期の野外研究] med./bio.

Clutch size and egg volume in great tits (Parus major) increase under low intensity electromagnetic fields: A long-term field study

著者: Tomas G, Barba E, Merino S, Martinez J
掲載誌: Environ Res 2012; 118: 40-46
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この研究は、電力線によって生じる電磁界（EMF）が、野生のシジュウカラ（Parus major）集団の繁殖特性に及ぼす影響の有無を調べるために、9つの繁殖期を通してデータを収集し、分析した。その結果、電磁界ばく露は、クラッチサイズ（一回の抱卵数）を7 %、卵の重量を3 %、有意に増加させた（クラッチ重量では10 %増加を意味する）；これは、隣接地域の参照群と比較して、EMFばく露を受けた親鳥による繁殖行動の増加を示す；このような変化に、ばく露群と参照群における生息地または親鳥の質の違いは無関係であった；一方、孵化の成功または最終的繁殖性（巣立ち及び繁殖の成功または巣立ち前のヒナの体重）において、両群の違いは検出されなかった、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To study the effects of electromagnetic fields generated by a power line on reproductive characteristics of a wild great tit population by analysing data gathered during nine breeding seasons.

詳細情報

Data was recorded on a wild great tit population breeding near Sagunto (Valencia, eastern Spain). The 110 ha study area was located within a homogeneous orange plantation. Wooden nest-boxes (125 x 117 mm bottom area) were placed each year in February in the same trees at about 50 cm above the ground (the height at which natural holes occur in this habitat). During the breeding seasons, nest-boxes were inspected at least once a week, and nests as frequently as necessary in order to accurately determine the reproductive parameters.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 50 Hz
ばく露時間: continuous for approx. 40 days

General information

Nests were classified as exposed (> 0,01 µT; n=51) or non-exposed (≤ 0,01 µT; n=112)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 50 Hz
タイプ
  • magnetic field
ばく露時間 continuous for approx. 40 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • power line (66 kV)
ばく露装置の詳細 the power line crossed the study area at ca. 11.3 m above the ground; nests and nest-boxes were located 50 cm above the ground
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力 30.8 MW maximum - - -
磁束密度 0.84 µT maximum 測定値 - in the nests
磁束密度 0.2 µT mean 測定値 - ± 0.03 µT (in the nests)

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露中

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

The electromagnetic field exposure significantly increased the clutch size (7%) and the egg volume (3%), implying a 10% increase in clutch volume. This indicates an increase in reproductive investment from parent birds exposed to electromagnetic fields as compared to the control group in the adjacent reference area. These results cannot be attributed to habitat or quality differences of the adults in the exposed group and control group. Nevertheless, no differences in hatching success or final productivity (fledging and reproductive success or nestling body mass) could be detected in exposed animals.
The study indicates that electromagnetic fields generated by power lines can have biological consequences in wild organisms living close to them.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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