この研究は、超低周波電磁界（ELF-EMF）がシナプス間隙のグルタミン酸（Glu）濃度を変動させるか否かを検討した。神経終末のモデルであるシナプトソームに15-55分間、磁束密度の範囲0.1-2mT、周波数範囲50-230HzのELF-EMFをばく露した。計測されたデータを人工ニューラルネットワークソフトウェアで解析し、上記の条件範囲全体での影響を予測できるようにした。その結果、ELF-EMFにばく露したグルタミン酸作動系では、通常レベルの-35から+40 %の範囲の全ての影響に対して耐性をもつ、と報告している。
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The effects of exposure of rat synaptosomes to different extremely low frequency magnetic fields on the extracellular glutamate concentration should be investigated and a model for prediction of these effects should be developed.
Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that is released by the majority of central nervous system synapses and is involved in developmental processes, cognitive functions, learning and memory.
Synaptosomes were derived from Wistar rat brains and divided into a total of 33 (remark EMF-Portal: or 34? specifications in the article unclear) exposure groups with random values for the magnetic flux density between 0.1 and 2 mT, the frequency between 50 Hz and 230 Hz and the exposure duration between 15 and 50 minutes. Moreover, an unknown number of samples without exposure was used as a control group. The number of groups and random determination of the exposure parameters were chosen due to the simulation model used.
| 周波数 | 50–230 Hz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
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| 波形 |
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| ばく露時間 | continuous for 15 to 50 minutes |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| ばく露装置の詳細 | Helmholtz coils consisted of two parallel coils with 35 cm distance and 35 cm internal diameter, which were made of 1,000 turns of coated copper wire with 1.3 mm diameter; samples were placed in an area of the parallel coils where the magnetic field was uniform and magnetic field lines ran vertically to the coils; samples were kept at 4°C during exposure |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
The interdependencies of frequency, magnetic flux density and exposure time on the one side and glutamate concentration on the other side were found to be complex. A general tendency towards higher extracellular glutamate concentrations with increasing frequency could be found. For the magnetic flux density, a tendency towards decreasing values up to 1.3 mT and increasing values from 1.3 mT on was found. For the exposure time, a tendency towards increasing values from 40 minutes on was detected.
The results received from the artificial neural networks simulation were within the 95% confidence interval of the experimental data. Hence, the model was confirmed as suitable for the prediction of the extracellular glutamate concentration in synaptosome samples.
The authors conclude that exposure of synaptosomes to different extremely low frequency magnetic fields might affect the extracellular glutamate concentration and that this can be simulated successfully.
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