この研究は、高スループット画像化プラットホームを用いて、900 MHz GSM電磁界（SAR: 0.012-2 W/kg）にばく露中の細胞内のCa2+動態をモニターした。ばく露したGSM電磁界は現用の携帯電話機からの放射電磁界を模擬したものである。GSMばく露群、連続波ばく露群、擬似ばく露群のデータを比較した。また、実験した細胞は、ヒト内皮細胞、ラット褐色細胞腫細胞株PC12、ラット海馬神経細胞初代培養株である。静止期Ca2+、InsP3受容器作動薬で誘発されるCa2+、Ca2+ATPase阻害剤thapsigarginで誘発したCa2+貯蔵の枯渇とその結果生じるストア作動性Ca2+流入など多様な指標で影響を評価した。その結果、900 MHz GSM電磁界は基本となるCa2+恒常性にも刺激によるCa2+シグナルにも影響しないことが示されたと報告している。
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To study the putative changes in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis during exposure of cells to 900 MHz GSM fields of differing power in three different cell types.
A novel microscope-based high throughput screening system was applied that allowed the automatic analysis of cells under different exposure regimes.
The experiment consisted of a screening phase and a provocation phase. Within the screening phase all cell types were tested to a 2 W/kg 900 MHz GSM field (30 minutes). If significant changes in Ca2+ level were observed under exposure, additional experiments would be performed at lower SAR values to determine the threshold for the effect. If no significant effects were observed in the screening phase, provocation experiments are undertaken where the Ca2+ homeostasis would be deliberately perturbed: calcium release from intracellular stores was evoked by application of histamine, whilst passive calcium efflux and calcium entry were stimulated by incubation with thapsigargin. For these experiments, the EA.hy926 cells were used and tested at a number of lower SAR values, using both continuous wave and GSM modulation.
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
|
ばく露1:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
ばく露時間:
continuous for 30 min.
Screening test with all cell types
|
|
|
ばく露2:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
ばく露時間:
continuous for 30 min.
Provocation test with human endothelial cells
|
|
|
ばく露3:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
CW
ばく露時間:
continuous for 30 min.
Provocation test with human endothelial cells
|
| 周波数 | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| 特性 |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for 30 min. |
| Additional information | Screening test with all cell types |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
| Additional information |
GSM signal |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| ばく露装置の詳細 | exposure system consisted of 2 identical TEM cells that were designed to hold a single coverslip each (22 mm diameter) in a Teflon ring sandwich chamber; the bottom conductor of the TEM cell contained hole to allow optical access to the cells for imaging purposes; a personal computer controlled the exposure conditions by setting the amplified power output of the Agilent ESG-D RF Signal Generator to one of the two TEM cells, through an in-line bidirectional coupler and an RF switch; an Agilent EPM-P Power meter measured the incident and reflected power at each TEM cell; samples placed in the center of the TEM cell |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 周波数 | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| 特性 |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for 30 min. |
| Additional information | Provocation test with human endothelial cells |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
| Additional information |
GSM signal |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 周波数 | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| 特性 |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for 30 min. |
| Additional information | Provocation test with human endothelial cells |
| Modulation type | CW |
|---|
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
The data indicate that 900 MHz GSM fields did not affect either basal Ca2+ homeostasis or provoked Ca2+ signals. Even at the highest field strengths applied, which exceed typical mobile phone exposure levels, no changes in cellular Ca2+ signals were found.
The authors conclude that under the conditions employed in these experiments, and using a highly-sensitive assay, no consequence of radiofrequency exposure could be detected.
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