研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[IMT-2000携帯電話の1.95GHz W-CDMA信号に対する妊娠中のばく露の影響：ラットにおいて胎児毒性および催奇形性は見られず] med./bio.

Effects of gestational exposure to 1.95-GHz W-CDMA signals for IMT-2000 cellular phones: Lack of embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in rats

著者: Ogawa K, Nabae K, Wang J, Wake K, Watanabe S, Kawabe M, Fujiwara O, Takahashi S, Ichihara T, Tamano S, Shirai T
掲載誌: Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30 (3): 205-212
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この研究は、妊娠中のラット頭部に携帯電話の電磁界（EMF）の局所ばく露を与え、それがラットの胚発生に影響を与えるか否かを調べた。ばく露には1.95 GHz広帯域符号分割多元接続（W-CDMA）信号を用いた。80匹の妊娠CD（SD）IGSラットを各群20匹の4群に分けた（対照群、擬似ばく露群、低ばく露群、高ばく露群）。ばく露は、妊娠7日目から17日目まで、午前中に1日90分行った。低ばく露群および高ばく露群の脳平均SARはそれぞれ0.67および2.0 W / kg、ピーク脳SARはそれぞれ3.1および7.0 W / kgであった。全身平均SARは0.4 W / kg未満であり、温度上昇による熱の影響は生じない。妊娠20日目にすべての母ラットを屠殺し、胎仔を帝王切開で摘出した。その結果、4群間に母体の体重増加の差はなかった；４群間に、EMFへのばく露による生殖および胚毒性パラメータの差は観察されなかった、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To study whether gestational exposure to an electromagnetic field targeting the head region, similar to that from cellular phones, might affect embryogenesis in rats.

詳細情報

The gestational period from day 7 to 17 is the most sensitive to developmental toxicologic factors in rats. Pregnant rats (n=20 per group) were studied in this period in four conditions: 1) high exposure, 2) low exposure, 3) control group, 4) sham exposure. All SAR levels were much lower than the level known to cause any thermal stress to pregnant rats or fetuses (in other studies teratogenic effects were evident only when the SAR levels were high enough to raise the maternal body temperature). The experimental design reflected the use of cellular phones by pregnant mothers.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 1.95 GHz
ばく露時間: 90 min/day from day 7 to day 17 of gestation
  • SAR: 0.67 W/kg spatial average (brain) (for the low exposure group)
  • SAR: 3.1 W/kg peak (brain) (for the low exposure group)
  • SAR: 2 W/kg spatial average (brain) (for the high exposure group)
  • SAR: 7 W/kg peak (brain) (for the high exposure group)
  • SAR: 0.2 W/kg spatial average (whole body) (for the high exposure group)
  • SAR: 1.5 W/kg spatial average (brain) (for the fetuses in the high exposure group)
  • SAR: 0.11 W/kg spatial average (whole body) (for the fetuses in the high exposure group)

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 1.95 GHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 90 min/day from day 7 to day 17 of gestation
Additional information rats were treated in four groups: i) control ii) low exposure iii) high exposure iv) sham exposure
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • モノポール
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 30 mm
チャンバの詳細 90 cm x 90 cm x 60 cm exposure chamber; inside walls except for the ceiling covered with electromagnetic absorbers
ばく露装置の詳細 rats placed in plastic tubular holders with a diameter of 6.5 cm mounted on a disk-like carrousel with a diameter of 65 cm; noses of the rats directed to the center; resonant 1/4 wavelenght monopole antenna suspended from the ceiling of the chamber
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
SAR 0.67 W/kg spatial average 計算値 brain for the low exposure group
SAR 3.1 W/kg peak 計算値 brain for the low exposure group
SAR 2 W/kg spatial average 計算値 brain for the high exposure group
SAR 7 W/kg peak 計算値 brain for the high exposure group
SAR 0.2 W/kg spatial average 計算値 whole body for the high exposure group
SAR 1.5 W/kg spatial average 計算値 brain for the fetuses in the high exposure group
SAR 0.11 W/kg spatial average 計算値 whole body for the fetuses in the high exposure group

Reference articles

  • Shirai T et al. (2007): [IMT-2000携帯電話システムの1.95- GHz W-CDMAシグナルへの慢性ばく露はF344ラットのN-エチルニトロソ尿素誘発中枢神経系腫瘍のプロモーション効果を示さない]
  • Wake K et al. (2007): [1.5 GHz携帯電話の長期大規模動物バイオアッセイのためのばく露装置]

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
研究対象とした臓器系:
調査の時期:
  • ばく露前
  • ばく露中
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

There were no differences in maternal body weight gain in all groups. No adverse effects of electromagnetic field exposure were observed on any reproductive and embryo-toxic parameters.
No clear adverse effects of maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields targeting the head area and embryogenesis were demonstrated.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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