The system was allowed to equilibrate for 1 h prior to energizing the waveguides. The temperature within the cell cultures was monitored every 60 s and maintained within 37.0 ± 0.5°C for the sham, negative (incubator) control and RF-exposed samples. The samples exposed at an SAR of 10 W/kg showed cyclical fluctuations of ±0.2°C.
Concurrent negative and positive controls were included in each experiment. The positive (heat-shock) controls were placed on a heating block within an incubator and were maintained at 43°C for 1 h. The negative controls were placed within the same incubator but were not subjected to the heat shock.
Kayhan H et al.
(2016):
Does MW Radiation Affect Gene Expression, Apoptotic Level, and Cell Cycle Progression of Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells?
Lu Y et al.
(2014):
Differential Pro-Inflammatory Responses of Astrocytes and Microglia Involve STAT3 Activation in Response to 1800 MHz Radiofrequency Fields
Hoyto A et al.
(2008):
Radiofrequency radiation does not significantly affect ornithine decarboxylase activity, proliferation, or caspase-3 activity of fibroblasts in different physiological conditions
Lee JJ et al.
(2008):
Acute radio frequency irradiation does not affect cell cycle, cellular migration, and invasion
Valbonesi P et al.
(2008):
Evaluation of HSP70 expression and DNA damage in cells of a human trophoblast cell line exposed to 1.8 GHz amplitude-modulated radiofrequency fields
Joubert V et al.
(2008):
Apoptosis is Induced by Radiofrequency Fields through the Caspase-Independent Mitochondrial Pathway in Cortical Neurons
Chauhan V et al.
(2007):
Analysis of gene expression in two human-derived cell lines exposed in vitro to a 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency field
Sannino A et al.
(2006):
Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects in Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes Following Exposure to 1950-MHz Modulated Signal
Lantow M et al.
(2006):
Comparative study of cell cycle kinetics and induction of apoptosis or necrosis after exposure of human mono mac 6 cells to radiofrequency radiation
Merola P et al.
(2006):
Proliferation and apoptosis in a neuroblastoma cell line exposed to 900 MHz modulated radiofrequency field
Tuschl H et al.
(2006):
In vitro effects of GSM modulated radiofrequency fields on human immune cells
Nikolova T et al.
(2005):
Electromagnetic fields affect transcript levels of apoptosis-related genes in embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells
Caraglia M et al.
(2005):
Electromagnetic fields at mobile phone frequency induce apoptosis and inactivation of the multi-chaperone complex in human epidermoid cancer cells
Capri M et al.
(2004):
In vitro exposure of human lymphocytes to 900 MHz CW and GSM modulated radiofrequency: studies of proliferation, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential
Capri M et al.
(2004):
1800 MHz radiofrequency (mobile phones, different Global System for Mobile communication modulations) does not affect apoptosis and heat shock protein 70 level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from young and old donors
Hook GJ et al.
(2004):
Measurement of DNA damage and apoptosis in Molt-4 cells after in vitro exposure to radiofrequency radiation
Marinelli F et al.
(2004):
Exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic field induces an unbalance between pro-apoptotic and pro-survival signals in T-lymphoblastoid leukemia CCRF-CEM cells
Gatta L et al.
(2003):
Effects of in vivo exposure to GSM-modulated 900 MHz radiation on mouse peripheral lymphocytes
Zeni O et al.
(2003):
Lack of genotoxic effects (micronucleus induction) in human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields
Dabrowski MP et al.
(2003):
Immunotropic effects in cultured human blood mononuclear cells pre-exposed to low-level 1300 MHz pulse-modulated microwave field
d'Ambrosio G et al.
(2002):
Cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes following GMSK phase modulated microwave exposure
Higashikubo R et al.
(2001):
Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields do not alter the cell cycle progression of C3H 10T and U87MG cells
Garaj-Vrhovac V
(1999):
Micronucleus assay and lymphocyte mitotic activity in risk assessment of occupational exposure to microwave radiation
Fesenko EE et al.
(1999):
Microwaves and cellular immunity. I. Effect of whole body microwave irradiation on tumor necrosis factor production in mouse cells
Cleary SF et al.
(1996):
Effects of isothermal 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the mammalian cell cycle: comparison with effects of isothermal 27 MHz radiofrequency radiation exposure
