Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lee HJ et al. | 2009 | 動物, mouse/ICR, 全身 | teratogenicity (mortality, growth retardation, head size, morphological malformations) | 848.5 MHz | 2–7.13 W/kg | continuous 2 times 45 min/day, separated by 15 min, throughout gestation (17 days) | 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム, RF |
Ogawa K et al. | 2009 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD IGS, 身体の一部: head | embryogenesis | 1.95 GHz | 0.11–7 W/kg | 90 min/day from day 7 to day 17 of gestation | 携帯電話, CDMA, 移動体通信システム |
Ruggiero M et al. | 2004 | 動物, chicken embryos (eggs), 全身 | - | - | - | continuous for 3 h | 静磁界, MRI |
Pyrpasopoulou A et al. | 2004 | 動物, rat/Wistar, 全身 | expression and localization of bone morphogenetic proteins and their receptors | 9.4 GHz | 500 nW/g | continuous during days 1-3 postcoitum | GSM, 移動体通信システム, マイクロ波 |
Jiang ML et al. | 2003 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> | - | - | - | - | MRI |
Xenos TD et al. | 2003 | 動物, mouse/Bulb/c/f; Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix Japonica</i>); chicken eggs of the strain KOBB; rat, 全身 | development during prenatal exposure | 95 MHz | 189 µW/kg–5.655 mW/kg | continuous for 6 months | RF, マイクロ波, UHF電磁界, ラジオ/TV送信機, TV 放送 (VHF/UHF), FM 放送(UKW) |
Gagnon ZE et al. | 2003 | 動物, mouse/Swiss Webster, 全身 | embryo development | 0 Hz–25 MHz | - | exposure started on the 18th day of pregnancy; one week later, offspring was born and maintained together with their mothers for 21 days. After that, only the mothers were left to continue for another 4 weeks. | EMF全般 |
Okazaki R et al. | 2001 | 動物, mouse/ICR, 全身: <i>in utero</i> | - | - | - | continuously for 2 days | 静磁界, MRI |
Gu Y et al. | 2001 | 動物, mouse/ICR (embryo), 全身: <i>in utero</i> | - | - | - | - | MRI, 非EMF, 共ばく露 |
Nelson BK et al. | 2001 | 動物, rat/Sprague-Dawley CD, 全身 | teratogenicity | 10 MHz | 800 µW/g–7.9 mW/g | continuous; 20 + 60 min | RF, CW 連続波 |
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