我々は、電磁界(EMF)がマウス脳のモノアミン値に及ぼす影響を、(1)EMF(60Hz, 10Gauss)をマウスに対して垂直配向での長期ばく露((7日間)(2)EMF(60Hz, 10Gauss)をマウスに対して水平方向でのばく露(84日間)(3)EMF(60Hz, 10Gauss)を1ヶ月、3ヶ月、6ヶ月、12ヶ月齢の老化促進マウス(SAM-P8)へ水平方向での急性ばく露(6時間)(4)EMF(60Hz; 1, 3.3, 10Gauss)を拘束したマウスに対して水平方向での急性ばく露(1時間)という実験モデルにより研究した。拘束マウス以外のどのマウスにも、電磁界ばく露による、モノアミンあるいは代謝産物の値に変化はなかった。拘束グループでは、海馬(HP)と視床下部(HY)でジヒドロキシフェニール酢酸(DOPAC)が著しく増加し、HYでホモバニリン酸(HVA)が著しく増加し、HPと視床-中脳(TM)で5-ハイドロキシインドール酢酸(5-HIAA)が著しく増加した。これらのモノアミン代謝産物の値はいずれも、電磁界ばく露を受けない拘束マウスでは変化しなかった。以上の結果から、モノアミン代謝が電磁界に影響されるのは、ばく露がマウスの位置と同方向の時のみであることが示唆される。もう一つの可能性は、電磁界が拘束ストレスを増大させるということで、なぜなら、ストレスはモノアミン代謝を増加させるものとして知られるからである。
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The effects of an acute or chronic exposure of mice to different 60 Hz magnetic fields on monoamine levels in the brain should be investigated.
Monoamines are neurotransmitters and neuromodulators and therefore important for the function of the brain.
The following groups were used: 1) exposure of C57BL mice to the magnetic field with 1 mT for 7 days (n=3), 2) exposure of ICR mice for 12 weeks (n=4), 3) exposure of 1-month-old SAMP8 mice for 6 h (n=4), 4) exposure of 3-month-old SAMP8 mice for 6 h (n=4), 5) exposure of 6-month-old SAMP8 mice for 6 h (n=4), 6) exposure of 9-month-old SAMP8 mice for 6 h (n=4) and 7) exposure of 12-month-old SAMP8 mice for 6 h (n=4). For each group, a separate control group with the same number of animals was used. Moreover, restrained ICR mice were exposed to a magnetic field at their heads with 8) 0.1 mT, 9) 0.33 mT or 10) 1 mT (n=6-15 each). A not-restrained and a restrained control group with the same number of animals were used for groups 8-10.
ばく露 | パラメータ |
---|---|
ばく露1:
60 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 7 days
C57BL mice
|
|
ばく露2:
60 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 12 weeks
ICR mice
|
|
ばく露3:
60 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 6 h
SAMP8 mice
|
|
ばく露4:
60 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 1 h
ICR mice
|
mice were killed by exposing the head to microwave irradiation at 3 kW for 0.2 s
周波数 | 60 Hz |
---|---|
タイプ |
|
ばく露時間 | continuous for 7 days |
Additional information | C57BL mice |
測定量 | 値 | 種別 | Method | Mass | 備考 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磁束密度 | 1 mT | - | 測定値 | - | at the center of the cage |
周波数 | 60 Hz |
---|---|
タイプ |
|
波形 |
|
ばく露時間 | continuous for 12 weeks |
Additional information | ICR mice |
ばく露の発生源/構造 |
|
---|---|
チャンバの詳細 | polypropylene mouse cage (11 cm x 25 cm, h=12 cm) |
ばく露装置の詳細 | four mice were used per cage; mice were exposed in horizontal direction |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
測定量 | 値 | 種別 | Method | Mass | 備考 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磁束密度 | 1 mT | - | 測定値 | - | at the center of the cage |
周波数 | 60 Hz |
---|---|
タイプ |
|
ばく露時間 | continuous for 6 h |
Additional information | SAMP8 mice |
ばく露の発生源/構造 |
|
---|---|
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
測定量 | 値 | 種別 | Method | Mass | 備考 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磁束密度 | 1 mT | - | 測定値 | - | at the center of the cage |
周波数 | 60 Hz |
---|---|
タイプ |
|
波形 |
|
ばく露時間 | continuous for 1 h |
Additional information | ICR mice |
ばく露の発生源/構造 |
|
---|---|
チャンバの詳細 | column (body part: 26 mm diameter, head part: 16 mm diameter); the unrestrained control group was kept in a standard mouse cage |
ばく露装置の詳細 | animals confined within the column to restrict movement; mice were exposed in horizontal direction |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
No significant changes could be observed in groups 1-7 compared to their respective control groups.
The levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were significantly increased in several brain regions in groups 8-10 compared to the not-restrained control group without showing a distinct trend. However, the restrained control group showed increased values in comparison to the not-restrained control group as well (remark EMF-Portal: result contradictory: abstract and discussion vs. result table).
The authors conclude that exposure of mice to a 60 Hz magnetic field might increase the stress caused by restraining and thus influence monoamine levels in the brain.
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