この研究は、ヒトがDC電界およびイオン電流の存在を検出する能力をボランティア実験により調べた。実験のため、高電圧DC（HVDC）送電線近傍をシミュレートするばく露チャンバが制作され、DC電界は50 kV / mまで、イオン電流密度は120 nA / m 2までのばく露が可能であった。48名のボランティア（女性25名、男性23名；18歳から57歳まで）が被験者になった。DC電界の知覚の測定には、適応的階段法および信号検出理論に基づく評価法の2つの精神物理学的方法が用いられた。被験者は、２つ方法それぞれを用いて、3つの異なるセッションを完了した；1つはイオン電流なし、他の2つは電界とイオン電流の様々な組み合わせでの知覚実験である。その結果、全般的には、被験者体は、強度の増加につれてDC電界を検出する確率が有意に高くなった； DC電界単独でその存在を検出することができたが、平均閾値は45kV / mと高強度であった；最も敏感な被験者（複数）を除き、60nA / m2までのイオン電流密度は、DC電界の検出を有意に高めなかった；しかし、より高いイオン電流密度は、大多数の被験者の知覚閾値のかなり大きな低下に関連した；データ分析によれば、被験者間には知覚閾値の大きなばらつきがあった；全被験者の50％が検出できるDC電界およびイオン電流強度を示す標準化データ、並びに個々人の検出能力の分布を提供できた、と報告している。
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To assess the ability of humans to detect the presence of direct current electric field and ion currents.
One experiment was conducted without ion currents, and the other two experiments involved various combinations of electric fields and ion currents (up to 120 nA/m²).
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
ばく露1:
ばく露時間:
12 trials of 25 s each
SIAM adaptive procedure
|
|
ばく露2:
ばく露時間:
100 consecutive trials of 25 s each
SDT rating procedure
|
| 周波数 |
|
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | 12 trials of 25 s each |
| Additional information | SIAM adaptive procedure |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| チャンバの詳細 | Experimental chamber was located in a high voltage laboratory in the center of a shielded test room with three high electrodes located in the ceiling. High voltage power sources were located outside the chamber. |
| ばく露装置の詳細 | Attempts were made to eliminate equipment sound and corona noises as well as a recording of audible noises from an actual high voltage DC transmission line was played in the chamber during the experiment. |
| Additional information | SIAM (single interval adjustment matrix) adaptive procedure was a yes-no single interval procedure in which half of the trials were signal trial and the other half no-signal. During the signal trials, fields and ions were presented at a certain intensity and depending on the answer the intensities and ions were either increased or decreased in 2 kV/m steps in the next trials. Fields and ions of positive polarity were generated. Fields were presented either alone in combination with ions. |
| 周波数 |
|
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | 100 consecutive trials of 25 s each |
| Additional information | SDT rating procedure |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 |
|
|---|---|
| Additional information | Specific combination of DC fields and ion currents were presented in the signal trials and no fields or ions were presented on the non signal trials. Both of these trials were presented equally. In SDT trials, the subjects were suppose to tell if the signal was 1) surely present, 2) rather certain about the presence, 3) unsure 4) rather certain about absence and 5) certain about the absence. Half of the signals were presented at high field intensity (40 or 47.5 kV/m) and the other half at low field intensity (17.5 or 25 kV/m) along with either 0, 60 and 120 nA/m² ion current. 120 nA/m² was not presented with 47.5 kV/m and 17.5 kV/m. |
Subjects were significantly more likely to detect direct current fields as the intensity increased. They were able to detect the presence of direct current fields alone, but only at high intensities; the average threshold was 45 kV/m. The simultaneous presence of ions facilitated the perception of direct current fields, but only at relatively high concentrations or current densities (i.e. 120 nA/m²). Data analysis also revealed large variations in perceptual thresholds among the subjects.
These data can form the basis for environmental guidelines relating to the design of high voltage direct current transmission lines.
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