The effects of exposure of 4 different cell lines to a 60 Hz magnetic field on cell growth and gene expression should be investigated.
MCF10 A cells were investigated 1, 2, 3 and 4 days after exposure, the remaining cell lines were investigated only 3 days after exposure.
A separate sham exposure group was used for each exposure condition. A positive control (gamma radiation, 4 and 6 Gy) was used for gene expression analysis. All experiments were repeated thrice.
Exposure | Parameters |
---|---|
Exposure 1:
60 Hz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 4 hours
MCF10 A only
|
|
Exposure 2:
60 Hz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 4 hours
MCF10 A only
|
|
Exposure 3:
60 Hz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 4 hours or 16 hours
all cell lines
|
|
Exposure 4:
60 Hz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 16 hours
MCF7 only
|
|
for the positive control group, cells were exposed to 4 and 6 Gy of gamma radiation from a 137 Cs gamma ray source at a dose rate of 3.81 Gy/min
Frequency | 60 Hz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 4 hours |
Additional info | MCF10 A only |
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Chamber | 60 mm culture dish |
Setup | one dish per condition was placed in an incubator equipped with the exposure system; after exposure, the cell dish was transferred into an incubator without exposure system until investigation; temperature was maintained constantly at 37 ± 0.3°C, humidity was maintained at ~95%, CO2 was 5% |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnetic flux density | 0.1 mT | - | - | - | - |
Frequency | 60 Hz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 4 hours |
Additional info | MCF10 A only |
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnetic flux density | 0.5 mT | - | - | - | - |
Frequency | 60 Hz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 4 hours or 16 hours |
Additional info | all cell lines |
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnetic flux density | 1 mT | - | - | - | - |
Frequency | 60 Hz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 16 hours |
Additional info | MCF7 only |
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnetic flux density | 2 mT | - | - | - | - |
Exposure to 0.1 mT and 0.5 mT magnetic fields did not show any effects.
When exposed to 1 mT, MCF10 A and MCF7 cells showed consistent and significant decreases in cell numbers, cell viability and cell proliferation compared to sham exposed cells, whereas Jurkat cells and NIH3T3 cells did not show consistent effects. No significant effects on cell death were found in any cell line.
In MCF7 cells exposed to 2 mT, cell numbers were significantly decreased and the cell cycle distribution was significantly altered compared to sham exposed cells . Apoptosis was not affected by the exposure. In gene expression analysis, PMAIP1-expression was significantly upregulated compared to sham exposed cells.
The authors conclude that exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field might affect cell growth in some cell lines, possibly in association with a cell cycle delay and an increased expression of PMAIP1.
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