To determine whether non-thermal exposure of cultured cells to 2.1425 GHz continuous wave (CW) and W-CDMA modulated signal radiofrequency fields (of a mobile radio base station) induces phosphorylation of hsp27.
Phosphorylation of hsp27 occurs following exposure to various stresses and phosphorylation is suggested to be important for hsp27 function.
Positive controls were performed at 42°C (2 h) or at 43°C (3 h).
Exposure | Parameters |
---|---|
Exposure 1:
2.1425 GHz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 2, 24, or 48 h for A172 cells
|
|
Exposure 2:
2.1425 GHz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 2 or 28 h for IMR-90 cells
|
|
Exposure 3:
2.1425 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
Exposure duration:
continuous for 24 or 48 h for A172 cells
|
|
Exposure 4:
2.1425 GHz
Modulation type:
CW
Exposure duration:
continuous for 28 h for IMR-90 cells
|
Frequency | 2.1425 GHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 2, 24, or 48 h for A172 cells |
Exposure source | |
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Chamber | A beam-formed RF exposure incubator employing a horn antenna, a dielectric lens, and a culture case in an anechoic chamber was developed for large-scale in vitro studies [Iyama et al., 2004]. |
Setup | This system allowed simultaneous exposure of 49 (7 x 7 array) 35-mm culture dishes with a uniform SAR distribution in the medium. Nine of the inner 25 culture dishes (5 x 5 array) were used in this study. |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Additional info | Two identical incubators in separate anechoic chambers were provided with identical air through sealed ducts at 37.0 °C, 5.0% CO2, and >90% humidity. They were selected blindly for RF or sham exposure by a mechanical switch in a dummy box. |
Frequency | 2.1425 GHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 2 or 28 h for IMR-90 cells |
Modulation type | cf. additional info |
---|---|
Additional info |
same as E1 |
Exposure source |
|
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Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Frequency | 2.1425 GHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 24 or 48 h for A172 cells |
Modulation type | CW |
---|
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Frequency | 2.1425 GHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 28 h for IMR-90 cells |
Modulation type | CW |
---|
Exposure source |
|
---|---|
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
The data suggest that radiofrequency exposure at a SAR of the mobile radio base station level does not affect the stress response pathways following hsp27 phosphorylation.
No significant differences in the expression levels of phosphorylated hsp27 were found between the groups exposed to W-CDMA or CW signal and the sham-exposed negative controls. Moreover, no noticeable differences in the hsp gene expression were observed between the exposed groups and the negative controls by microarray analysis.
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