この研究は、50 Hz磁界（MF）ばく露によってムラサキイガイ（Mytilus galloprovincialis）の免疫細胞に生じる影響を調べた。ムラサキイガイ全体に、15 - 30分間、200 - 1,000 µTの50 Hz MFばく露を行い、走化性物質N - ホルミル - Meth – Leu –Phe（fMLP）添加後のいくつかの時点で、免疫細胞の形状の変化（形状因子（SF: shape factor）で表される）を調べた。その結果、MFは、fMLP誘導性の細胞形状変化の遅延を引き起こした；200 μTは無効であったが、300 μT以上のレベルにおいては、対照に比べ、免疫細胞のSF値は有意に増加した；最大600 μTまで、細胞の再活性化が可能であった；ATP感受性K+チャネル開口剤であるPCO-400を用いた実験により、ムラサキイガイの免疫細胞に対するMFの影響にはカリウムチャネルが関与することが示された、と報告している。
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The effects of exposure of mussels to a 50 Hz magnetic field on the activation of immunocytes should be investigated.
Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels were divided into different groups (25 mussels per field and exposure duration, see below).
After exposure, hemolymph including immunocytes was extracted and the chemotactic substance N-formyl-Meth-Leu-Phe (fMLP) (10-8 M) was added to induce an activation of the immune cells, which is represented by a cell shape change. For each group, a separate sham exposed control group with 25 mussels was used. After exposure, 4 immunocytes from each mussel from each group were investigated every 5 minutes (0 -20 minutes after exposure) and the data from 2 immunocytes per mussel were used for analysis (n=50 cells per measuring point).
Additionally, PCO 400 (10-4 M, 10-5 M and 10-6 M), an opener of ATP-sensitive potassium ion channels, was added to the hemolymph of animals from groups with exposure to >500 µT to investigate the mechanism of action.
All experiments were performed in triplicate.
| ばく露 | パラメータ |
|---|---|
|
ばく露1:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 30 minutes
|
|
|
ばく露2:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 15 min or 30 min
|
|
|
ばく露3:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 15 min or 30 min
|
|
|
ばく露4:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 15 min or 30 min
|
|
|
ばく露5:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 15 min or 30 min
|
|
|
ばく露6:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 15 min or 30 min
|
|
|
ばく露7:
50 Hz
ばく露時間:
continuous for 15 min or 30 min
|
|
| 周波数 | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| タイプ |
|
| ばく露時間 | continuous for 30 minutes |
| ばく露の発生源／構造 | |
|---|---|
| ばく露装置の詳細 | animals were placed under a pair of Helmholtz coils; during each experiment, the temperature was repeatedly checked |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| 測定量 | 値 | 種別 | Method | Mass | 備考 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 磁束密度 | 200 µT | - | - | - | - |
Exposure to the magnetic field provoked delays in the fMLP-induced activation of immunocytes depending on the strength of the magnetic field. No significant delay was found in groups up to 300 µT. In groups with 400 µT exposure, a significant difference in cell shape, i.e. activation, compared to the control group was first found 15 minutes after exposure, and in groups with 500 µT exposure it was only found after 20 minutes. No significant shape changes compared to the control groups, i.e. no activation, were found in groups with >500 µT exposure.
Addition of 10-5 M of PCO 400 reversed the effect of exposure to a magnetic field of 500 µT, indicating an involvement of potassium ion channels.
The authors conclude that exposure of mussels to a 50 Hz magnetic field might impair the activation of immunocytes under participation of the potassium ion channels.
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