To determine if exposure to a pulsed-wave radiofrequency or a continuous-wave radiofrequency as emitted from hand-held mobile telephones induced or promoted brain tumors or other neoplasms in rats. Ethylnitrosourea (ENU) was selected to induce brain tumors.
Fifteen groups of 60 rats each were formed from offspring of females injected i.v. with 0, 2.5 or 10 mg/kg of ENU to induce brain tumours. They were exposed to pulsed or continuous RF or sham-exposed, and groups 13-15 were cage controls.
Frequency | 860 MHz |
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Type | |
Exposure duration | repeated daily exposure, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, from 2 up to 24 months of age |
Exposure source | |
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Distance between exposed object and exposure source | 2 cm |
Chamber | A series of carousels made of perforated Plexiglas were placed in Plexiglas racks. |
Setup | Each carousel held 10 rats facing a central dipole antenna at 2.0 ± 0.5 cm from their noses. For groups 1-6, rats were restrained in size-adjustable individual pie-shaped chambers. For groups 7-12, the carousel units were modified to be similar to those used by Adey et al. [1999] and thus easier to sanitise. These units were perforated Plexiglas cylinders fitted with detachable cone-shaped headpieces and adjustable back stops. |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Additional info | Removed rats were replaced with a phantom, i.e., a plastic tube with a cone shaped head filled with a gel having dielectric properties similar to muscle tissue. |
Frequency | 860 MHz |
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Type | |
Waveform | |
Exposure duration | repeated daily exposure, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, from 2 up to 24 months of age |
Modulation type | FM, CW |
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Additional info |
random modulation simulating voice transmission |
Exposure source |
|
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Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
There was no significant evidence that the continuous-wave (CWRF) or pulsed-wave radiofrequency (PRF) induced neoplasia in any tissues or promoted CNS tumors. CWRF or PRF had no statistically significant effect on the number, volume, location, multiplicity, histological type, malignancy or fatality of brain tumors.
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