研究のタイプ: 医学/生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[瀕死のニワトリ胚の超低周波電界による救命] med./bio.

Rescue of Moribund Chicken Embryos by Extremely Low-Frequency Electric Fields

掲載誌: EXPLORE 2016; 12 (6): 451-454

この研究は、ELF電界が孵化した鶏卵にがんを生じ得るかどうかを調べるため、5℃で1-36日間貯蔵した新鮮なニワトリの有精卵を、弱いELF振動電界(1-40V/cm、1-50Hz、2-6日間)の有無で、38℃で5-6日間インキュベートした。別の鶏卵を用いて発達段階を評価した。その結果、予想に反して、生存率が低下する期間における弱いELF電界中でのインキュベートは、胚の生存率および状態を有意に改善した。ELF電界は、それがなければ生存できなかったと思われる一部の胚の生存を維持できた。

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研究目的(著者による)

The effects of exposure of chicken eggs to a 1-50 Hz electric field on embryonal development should be investigated. This pilot study was conducted in view of identifying carcinogenic effects of electric fields.

詳細情報

Fertilized, un-incubated White Leghorn eggs were divided into different groups (10-12 eggs each) within two days after laying. Afterwards, eggs from all groups were first stored at 5°C for 1-36 days before being exposed to a 1-50 Hz electric field with 1-40 V/m at 38°C for 1-7 days. A total of 20 groups was tested with different combinations of storage duration at 5°C, exposure duration as well as field frequency and strength. For each of these groups, a separate control group was used, which was incubated at 38°C without exposure to electric field.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 1–50 Hz
ばく露時間: for 1-7 days
groups 1-9
ばく露2: 4 Hz
ばく露時間: for 3 days
group 10
ばく露3: 2.5 Hz
ばく露時間: for 5 days
group 11
ばく露4: 12.5 Hz
ばく露時間: for 4 days
group 12
ばく露5: 20 Hz
ばく露時間: for 5 days
group 13
ばく露6: 12.5 Hz
ばく露時間: for 6 days
group 14
ばく露7: 12.5 Hz
ばく露時間: for 2 days
group 15
ばく露8: 12.5 Hz
ばく露時間: for 3 days
group 16
ばく露9: 31.25 Hz
ばく露時間: for 2 days
group 17
ばく露10: 12.5 Hz
ばく露時間: for 3 days
group 18
ばく露11: 12.5 Hz
ばく露時間: for 2 days
group 19
ばく露12: 7.7 Hz
ばく露時間: for 2 days
group 20

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 1–50 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 1-7 days
Additional information groups 1-9
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 1-18 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • plate capacitor
チャンバの詳細 styrofoam-insulated stainless steel box (60 x 45 x 25 cm3) kept at 38°C ± 0.2°C
ばく露装置の詳細 box with pre-warmed eggs (n=10-12) insulated by paper trays was placed between two horizontal aluminum plates (25 cm x 30 cm x 1.5 mm) held 10 cm apart by styrofoam spacers; the lower plate was grounded and the upper plate received an oscillating positive charge
Additional information eggs from control groups were incubated at 38°C in a similar box 20 cm away from the exposure system
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 1 V/cm minimum - - -
電界強度 40 V/cm maximum - - -

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 4 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 3 days
Additional information group 10
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 15 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露3

主たる特性
周波数 2.5 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 5 days
Additional information group 11
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 11 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 1 V/cm - - - -

ばく露4

主たる特性
周波数 12.5 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 4 days
Additional information group 12
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 14 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露5

主たる特性
周波数 20 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 5 days
Additional information group 13
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 20 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露6

主たる特性
周波数 12.5 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 6 days
Additional information group 14
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 18 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露7

主たる特性
周波数 12.5 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 2 days
Additional information group 15
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 10 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露8

主たる特性
周波数 12.5 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 3 days
Additional information group 16
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 12 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 2 V/cm - - - -

ばく露9

主たる特性
周波数 31.25 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 2 days
Additional information group 17
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 20 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露10

主たる特性
周波数 12.5 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 3 days
Additional information group 18
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 22 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露11

主たる特性
周波数 12.5 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 2 days
Additional information group 19
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 25 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露12

主たる特性
周波数 7.7 Hz
タイプ
  • electric field
波形
  • rectangular
ばく露時間 for 2 days
Additional information group 20
Additional information storage duration at 5°C prior to exposure: 36 days
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源/構造
  • E1と同じ装置
パラメータ
測定量 種別 Method Mass 備考
電界強度 4 V/cm - - - -

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目/測定パラメータ/方法

研究対象とした臓器系:
  • whole embryo
調査の時期:
  • ばく露中
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム(著者による)

Increasing storage durations at 5°C without subsequent electric field exposure (control groups) caused a steady loss of embryo viability with a half-life of about 18 days after more than 12 days of storage. Surprisingly, exposure to an electric field after storage increased the embryo viability significantly, resulting in a new half-life of about 21 days after more than 12 days of storage.
However, some of these rescued embryos showed malformations (e.g. two heads) which have not been reported in eggs from this supplier over many years.
The authors conclude that exposure of chicken eggs to a 1-50 Hz electric field might keep embryos alive which would otherwise not have survived. Carcinogenic effects of electric field exposure should be searched in these rescued embryos.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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