研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[水のマイクロ波によって誘発された増加とラットの下顎の唾液腺の伝導率] med./bio.

Microwave-induced increase of water and conductivity in submaxillary salivary gland of rats

著者: Mikolajczyk H
掲載誌: Bioelectromagnetics 1981; 2 (1): 51-60
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この研究は、成獣オスのラットを用い、顎下唾液腺（SSG）および他の組織における含水率および導電率（20kHzにおける）に対するマイクロ波ばく露（パルス変調された2880MHz；パルス幅1.5μ秒、パルス繰返し周波数1000Hz）および従来的な熱ばく露（40℃）の影響を比較した。マイクロ波ばく露、擬似ばく露、熱ばく露は全て、一度に１匹ずつ実施した。実験の第1シリーズは、80匹のラットが、30分間、マイクロ波ばく露を受けた。SARは、4.2,6.3,6.8,8.4,10.8または12.6W / kgとした。50匹のラットが同様の環境条件下で擬似ばく露を受けた。第2シリーズでは、10匹のラットが擬似ばく露を受けた。33匹のラットが、SAR 9.5W / kgで、15、30、60分間のばく露を受け、32匹のラットは、同じ各時間、40℃の熱輻射ばく露を受けた。その結果、第1シリーズのラットでは、4.2W / kgのSARで結腸温度が有意に上昇し、6.3W / kg以上ではSSGの含水量および導電率が有意に上昇した；第2シリーズでは、15分および30分のマイクロ波ばく露後の結腸温度上昇およびSSG含水量増加は、熱ばく露後のものより大きく、また、SSG導電率は、熱ばく露では有意に低下し、マイクロ波ばく露では有意に上昇した、と報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

Hypersalivation is an important mechanism for heat dissipation by animals without sweat glands during hyperthermia. The water content and conductivity in submaxillary salivary glands and in other tissues were examined in rats exposed to microwaves or to conventional heat at 40°C.

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 2.88 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: 30 min
  • 電力密度: 285 W/m² unspecified (6.3 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
  • 電力密度: 190 W/m² unspecified (4.2 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
  • 電力密度: 305 W/m² unspecified (6.8 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
  • 電力密度: 380 W/m² unspecified (8.4 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
  • 電力密度: 420 W/m² unspecified (9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
  • 電力密度: 500 W/m² unspecified (10.8 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
  • 電力密度: 600 W/m² unspecified (12.6 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
ばく露2: 2.88 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: 15 min
  • 電力密度: 420 W/m² unspecified (9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
ばく露3: 2.88 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: 30 min
  • 電力密度: 420 W/m² unspecified (9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))
ばく露4: 2.88 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
ばく露時間: 60 min
  • 電力密度: 420 W/m² unspecified (9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated))

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 2.88 GHz
ばく露時間 30 min
Additional information 80 rats were exposed individually to microwaves and 50 were sham exposed
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 1.5 µs
Repetition frequency 1,000 Hz
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • 17 dB pyramidal antenna 30 cm x 30 cm aperture
チャンバの詳細 Anechoic chamber (Faraday cage on the exterior)/ 3 m x 2 m x 2 m
ばく露装置の詳細 rats were placed one at a time in a Styrofoam box / 25 cm x 23 cm x 20 cm situated below the antenna
Additional information The applied microwave power was controlled either by adjusting the current to the magnetron or by changing the distance between cage and the antenna between 22 and 40 cm.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 285 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 6.3 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)
電力密度 190 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 4.2 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)
電力密度 305 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 6.8 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)
電力密度 380 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 8.4 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)
電力密度 420 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)
電力密度 500 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 10.8 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)
電力密度 600 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 12.6 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)

ばく露2

主たる特性
周波数 2.88 GHz
ばく露時間 15 min
Additional information 33 rats were exposed individually to microwaves, 32 were used for control and 10 were sham exposed
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 1.5 µs
Repetition frequency 1,000 Hz
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.4 m
Additional information The control rats were exposed one at a time for similar periods to heat (40°C).
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 420 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)

ばく露3

主たる特性
周波数 2.88 GHz
ばく露時間 30 min
Additional information 33 rats were exposed individually to microwaves, 32 were used for control and 10 were sham exposed
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 1.5 µs
Repetition frequency 1,000 Hz
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.4 m
Additional information The control rats were exposed one at a time for similar periods to heat (40°C).
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 420 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)

ばく露4

主たる特性
周波数 2.88 GHz
ばく露時間 60 min
Additional information 33 rats were exposed individually to microwaves, 32 were used for control and 10 were sham exposed
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Pulse width 1.5 µs
Repetition frequency 1,000 Hz
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • E1と同じ装置
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.4 m
Additional information The control rats were exposed one at a time for similar periods to heat (40°C).
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力密度 420 W/m² unspecified 測定値 - 9.5 W/kg corresponding SAR (calculated)

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:
研究対象とした臓器系:
  • 脳／腫瘍
  • submaxillary salivary glands, skin, femoral muscle, kidney, testicle, and pancreas
調査の時期:
  • ばく露後

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

1) In animals exposed to microwaves colonic temperature was elevated significantly at a SAR of 4.2 W/kg, while water content and conductivity in submaxillary salivary gland increased significantly at SAR values of 6.3 W/kg and higher.
2) Higher colonic temperatures and greater increase in the water content of submaxillary salivary gland were revealed in animals after 15 or 30 min exposures to microwaves at a SAR of 9.5 W/kg than were found in animals exposed to heat at 40°C. Also, submaxillary salivary gland conductivity was significantly depressed by heat and significantly increased by microwaves after irradiation for 15 or 30 min.
3) The data support the hypothesis that water content and conductivity of submaxillary salivary gland of rats can be used as a sensitive specific test of a microwave induced thermal response.

研究の種別:

研究助成