研究のタイプ: 医学／生物学の研究 (experimental study)

[マイクロ波放射および反応容器の設計はメタン発酵中の微生物集団に影響をもつ] med./bio.

Microwave radiation and reactor design influence microbial communities during methane fermentation

著者: Cydzik-Kwiatkowska A, Zielinski M, Jaranowska P
掲載誌: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 39 (9): 1397-1405
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この研究は、メタン発酵の効率および微生物集団（特にメタン生成古細菌）の組成に対して、リアクタの設計および加熱方法がどのように影響するかを調べた。研究は、廃水処理用の浸漬型リアクタまたは散水床型リアクタで実施され、リアクタへの熱供給は、対流加熱法およびマイクロ波照射法を検討した。ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応（PCR）−変性剤濃度勾配ゲル電気泳動法（DGGE法：変性剤の濃度勾配を利用してDNA断片を分離する方法）および相対的リアルタイムPCRを用いて、バイオフィルム集団を評価した。その結果、最高の発酵結果およびバイオマス中のメタン生成古細菌の最高量は、マイクロ波加熱を用いた散水床型リアクタで観察された、などの知見を報告している。

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研究目的（著者による）

To determine the effect of reactor design and method of heating on the efficiency of methane fermentation and composition of microbial communities, especially methanogenic Archae.

詳細情報

Methane fermentation is a process used to manage diversified industrial wastewater (removal of organic compounds) as well as biogas production. In this study, two different reactor types (trickling-bed reactor and submerge-bed reactor) were put in chambers, heated by microwaves or by hot air (control group).

影響評価項目

ばく露

ばく露 パラメータ
ばく露1: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: CW
ばく露時間: 28 days (remark EMF-Portal: not sure if continuously exposed)
  • 電力: 5 W (per liter (trickling-bed reactor))
  • 電力: 12.8 W (per liter (submerge-bed reactor))

ばく露1

主たる特性
周波数 2.45 GHz
タイプ
  • electromagnetic field
ばく露時間 28 days (remark EMF-Portal: not sure if continuously exposed)
Modulation
Modulation type CW
ばく露装置
ばく露の発生源／構造
  • magnetrons
チャンバの詳細 trickling-bed reactor or submerge-bed reactor with a diameter of 3 cm and a working volume of 0.5 l
ばく露装置の詳細 two reactors of each type were placed in a chamber; in the trickling-bed reactors, wastewater from retention tanks located below the reactor was pumped to the surface of the bed (down-flow); in the submerge-bed reactors, wastewater from the reservoir was pumped from the bottom of the bed and returned to the reservoir (up flow)
Additional information fermentation was carried out at 35 +/- 1.5 °C.
パラメータ
測定量 値 種別 Method Mass 備考
電力 5 W - 推定値 - per liter (trickling-bed reactor)
電力 12.8 W - 推定値 - per liter (submerge-bed reactor)

ばく露を受けた生物:

方法 影響評価項目／測定パラメータ／方法

研究対象とした生物試料:

研究の主なアウトカム（著者による）

In both fermenter types heated by microwaves, statistically significant higher values for biogas production were found compared to heating with hot air. The highest biogas production was observed in the trickling-bed reactor with microwave heating, while the highest diversity of methanogenic Archae was found in the microwave heated submerge-bed reactor.
The authors conclude that heating with microwaves increased the efficiency of methan fermentation.

研究の種別:

研究助成

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