Mobile phone related articles are
Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crabtree DPE et al. | 2017 | bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> | - | - | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, static magnetic field |
Cucullo L et al. | 2005 | intact cell/cell culture, C6 (rat glioma cell line); PC-3 (prostate tumor cell line); H1299 (lung tumor cell line); normal human astrocytes | cell proliferation | 10 Hz | - | continuous for 3 to 5 days | TDMA, 50/60 Hz, electric current application |
Kwee S et al. | 1998 | intact cell/cell culture, transformed human epithelial amnion cells (AMA) | cell proliferation | 50 Hz | 0.021–2.1 mW/kg | continuous for 20, 30 and 40 min | GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, 50/60 Hz |
Naarala J et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture, yeast cell strains (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>), mammalian cell lines (L929, SH-SY5Y, C6, primary rat astrocytes) | ornithine decarboxylase activity, cell cycle kinetics, cell proliferation, apoptosis | 50 Hz | 6 W/kg | continuous for 1 to 24 h | mobile communications, GSM, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
Nikolova T et al. | 2005 | intact cell/cell culture, ES R1 cells (mouse embryonic stem cells) | different effects (e.g. different transcript levels, genotoxicity, proliferation, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, mitochondrial function) | 50 Hz–1.25 kHz | 1.5 W/kg | intermittent, 5 min on/30 min off, for 6 h and 48 h | GSM, mobile communications, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
Eberle P et al. | 1996 | intact cell/cell culture | mutations in genes and chromosomes, cell proliferation | 440 MHz | - | continuous for 70, 50, or 39 h | mobile communications, GSM, C-Net |
Atasoy A et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture | cell surface antigenic structures, cell viability, cell proliferation, apoptosis | 450 MHz | - | continuous for 2 hr, 6 hr or 24 hr | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field |
Stagg RB et al. | 1997 | intact cell/cell culture, C<sub>6</sub> glioma cell line and normal rat glial cells | DNA synthesis and cell proliferation | 836.55 MHz | 0.15–59 µW/g | continuous for 4 and 24 h | NADC, TDMA, mobile communications |
Kim HS et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body | neurogenesis in the adult rat brain | 845.5 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h daily, 5 days per week, for 2 weeks | CDMA, mobile communications |
Kim TH et al. | 2008 | animal, mouse/C57BL, partial body: head | effects on the brain (cell proliferation, cell death / apoptosis, distribution of neurons and glia cells) | 849 MHz | 1.55–7.8 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, 5 days/week, for 6 or 12 months | digital mobile phone, PCS, CDMA, mobile communications |
Pavicic I et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) | cell proliferation, cell viability, colony forming ability | 864 MHz | 0.08 W/kg | continuous for 1, 2 or 3 hr | mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves, CW continuous wave |
French PW et al. | 1997 | intact cell/cell culture, human astrocytoma cell line U-87MG | cell proliferation, cell morphology | 864.3 MHz | 8.96 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 3 x 20 min/day (at 4-h intervals), for 7 days | analog mobile phone, mobile communications |
Markkanen A et al. | 2004 | yeast in culture (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>/strains KFy417 (wild type) and KFy437 (cdc48 mutant)), mutant yeast strain (carries an allel which leads to formation of apoptosis at elevated temperatures) | apoptosis and cell survival | 872 MHz | 0.4–3 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour | GSM, mobile communications |
Hoyto A et al. | 2008 | intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) and mouse fibroblasts (L929) | cell proliferation, cell death | 872 MHz | 5 W/kg | continuous for 1 or 24 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Hoyto A et al. | 2008 | intact cell/cell culture, murine L929 fibroblast cells | cell proliferation and apoptosis | 872 MHz | 5 W/kg | 1 h and 24 h for ODC measurement, 24 h for proliferation measurement, 1 h for caspase-3 activity measurement | GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave |
Silva V et al. | 2016 | intact cell/cell culture, primary human thyroid cells (from normal thyroid tissue) | - | 895–900 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Fitzner R et al. | 1995 | intact cell/cell culture, human leukemia cells HL-60 | growth behaviour of leukemia cells | 900 MHz | 80 mW/kg | continuous for 24 h | mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM |
Capri M et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture | mitochondrial functionality, proliferation; cell cycle progression; spontaneous/induced apoptosis | 900 MHz | 70–76 mW/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day during 48 h or 72 h of culture | GSM, mobile communications |
Cranfield C et al. | 2003 | bacterium, <i>Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum</i> | cell mortality | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 16 min | GSM, mobile communications |
Aksoy U et al. | 2005 | protozoa/parasites, <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> and <i>Entamoeba dispar</i> | growth of <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> and <i>Entamoeba dispar</i> | 900 MHz | - | intermittent, 60 s/h for 24 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Merola P et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, LAN-5 (human neuroblastoma cells) | cell proliferation; apoptosis, cell differentiation | 900 MHz | 1 W/kg | continuous for 24, 48 and 72 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Duranti G et al. | 2005 | intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes cell line) | cell proliferation, cytotoxicity | 900 MHz | 0.04–0.08 W/kg | continuous for 18 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Gurisik E et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SK-N-SH) and monocytes cell line (U937) | gene expression, cell viability | 900 MHz | 0.2 W/kg | continuous for 1 or 2 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Buttiglione M et al. | 2007 | intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) | cell viability | 900 MHz | 1 W/kg | continuous for 5, 15, 30 min, 6 or 24 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Odaci E et al. | 2008 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: maternal head | histopathology of the hippocampus, number of granule cells in the dentate gyrus | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | 60 min/day, from the first to the last day of gestation | mobile communications |
Palumbo R et al. | 2008 | intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) and human peripheral blood lymphocytes | apoptosis | 900 MHz | 1.35–10.8 W/kg | continuous for 1 h | mobile communications, GSM |
Del Vecchio G et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) and cholinergic SN56 cell line | cell viability, cell proliferation, and cytotoxicity (cell vulnerability) | 900 MHz | 1 W/kg | up to 144 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Cao Y et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, SHG44 cells (human glioma cells) | oxidative stress, cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 2 h/day on 3 days | mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure |
Bas O et al. | 2009 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | neuronal development of hippocampus (number and histopathological changes of pyramidal cells in the cornu ammonis) | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous during gestation (19 days) | mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2013 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in thymocytes, genotoxicity | 900 MHz | 0.043–0.135 W/g | continuous for 4 hours/day on 20, 40 or 60 consecutive days | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Atli Sekeroglu Z et al. | 2013 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | DNA damage, cytotoxicity | 900 MHz | 0.37–0.76 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day for 45 days | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Ozgur E et al. | 2014 | intact cell/cell culture, Hep G2 cells (hepatic transformed cell line) | - | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Rosado MM et al. | 2014 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6Thy1<sup>b</sup>Igh<sup>b</sup> (wild type B/6), whole body | hematopoietic precursor cell differentiation and proliferation in thymus and spleen (ability of bone marrow precursor cells to colonize lymphoid organs and to differentiate in mature T cells and B lymphocytes) | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day and 5 days/week for 4 weeks | GSM, mobile communications |
Kumar G et al. | 2015 | isolated organ, rat bones (femur and tibia) | - | 900 MHz | 2–12.4 W/kg | - | mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave |
Stankiewicz W et al. | 2011 | intact cell/cell culture, HECa10 cells (mouse endothelial cell line) | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave |
Shahbazi-Gahrouei D et al. | 2016 | intact cell/cell culture, human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells | - | 900 MHz | - | - | GSM, mobile phone, mobile communications |
Eghlidospour M et al. | 2017 | intact cell/cell culture, neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM |
Shahbazi-Gahrouei D et al. | 2018 | intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 cells and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells | - | 900 MHz | - | - | GSM, mobile phone, mobile communications |
Er H et al. | 2022 | animal, rat/ Wistar albino | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM |
Salmen SH et al. | 2018 | bacterium, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> | - | 900–1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure |
Ozgur E et al. | 2021 | intact cell/cell culture | - | 900–2,100 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM |
Taheri M et al. | 2017 | bacterium, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i> | - | 900–2,400 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, co-exposure |
Mortazavi SMJ et al. | 2022 | bacterium, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> | - | 900 MHz–2.4 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF field, W-LAN/WiFi, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
Vrhovac I et al. | 2010 | bacterium, yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>)/FF18733, FF1481 and D7 | - | 905 MHz | - | - | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field, PW pulsed wave |
Yang L et al. | 2012 | intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts) | neoplastic promotion: cell morphology and cell proliferation <i>in vitro</i>; cancer promoting activity <i>in vivo</i> | 916 MHz | - | continuous for 2 h/day every day, until cells lost their contact inhibition (up to 8 weeks) | mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Trosic I et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) | cell proliferation, mitotic index, microtubule protein structure | 935 MHz | 0.12 W/kg | continuous for 1 h, 2 h and 3 h | mobile communications, mobile phone, digital mobile phone, CW continuous wave |
Velizarov S et al. | 1999 | intact cell/cell culture, transformed human epithelial amnion cells (AMA) | cell proliferation | 960 MHz | 2.1 µW/g | continuous for 30 min | GSM, mobile communications, microwaves |
Babincová M et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture, rat glioblastoma cells (C6) | - | 960 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, GSM, magnetic field, also other exposures without EMF |
Bujňáková D et al. | 2023 | bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> | - | 1–5 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, W-LAN/WiFi |
Bucko S et al. | 2020 | bacterium, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (different strains) | - | 1–5 GHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, LTE, RF field, W-LAN/WiFi |
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