Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Effects of olive leave extract on metabolic disorders and oxidative stress induced by 2.45 GHz WIFI signals med./bio.

By: Salah MB, Abdelmelek H, Abderraba M

Published in: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 36 (3): 826-834

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To examine the effects of olive leave extracts on oxidative stress and glucose metabolism in liver and kidney of rats exposed to a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field.

Background/further details

Four groups of rats were examined (n=6 per group): 1.) sham exposure group, daily injection of saline solution, 2.) sham exposure group, daily injection of olive leave extract (100 mg/kg body weight), 3.) exposure group, daily injection of saline solution and 4.) exposure group, daily injection of olive leave extract (100 mg/kg body weight).

Endpoint

oxidative stress in liver and kidneys, general blood parameters, glucose metabolism

Exposure

- 2.45 GHz
- W-LAN/WiFi

Exposure	Parameters
Exposure 1: 2.45 GHz Exposure duration: 1 hour/day for 21 consecutive days	-

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Frequency	2.45 GHz
Type	electromagnetic field
Exposure duration	1 hour/day for 21 consecutive days

Exposure setup

Exposure source	WiFi device (D-Link DWL-3200AP)
Setup	animal cages were placed under the access point of the WiFi-Device with two integrated omnidirectional antennas
Sham exposure	A sham exposure was conducted.
Additional info	control rats were placed under the same condition without the field

Parameters

No parameters are specified for this exposure.

Exposed system:

animal
rat/Wistar
whole body

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

morphol./histopathol. changes: histopathological examination of liver tissue slices (hematoxylin-eosin staining, microscopy)
oxidative stress in liver and kidneys: enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, manganese superoxide dismutase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (spectrophotometry); lipid peroxidation (level of malondialdehyde via thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances); thiol disulfide status (concentration of thiol groups) blood parameter: level of total protein (Lowry protein assay, spectrophotometry), cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, uric acid, creatinine, iron, insulin, hepatic glycogen glucose metabolism four days after the exposure period (tolerance glucose test (blood glucose determination at 20 min, 40 min, 60 min and 90 min after injection of glucose solution (2 g/kg body weight)) body weight and blood glucose determination twice a week

Investigated system:

isolated bio./chem. substance
tissue slices
blood, blood plasma
investigation on living organism

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

In the liver and kidneys of exposed rats the enzyme activities of all superoxide dismutases, catalase and glutathione peroxidase as well as the level of thiol groups were significantly decreased compared to the sham exposed rats, while an administration of olive leave extract prevented these effects. Additionally, the lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in the liver and the kidneys of exposed rats in comparison to the control group. An administration of olive leave extract led to a signifcant decrease of the lipid peroxidation in the liver of exposed rats (but not in the kidneys) compared to exposed rats without olive leave extract.
Histopathological examinations of the liver of exposed rats revealed morphological abnormalities (e.g. hypertrophy, cell shape, steatosis) compared to the control group, while administration of olive leave extract prevented these effects.
The exposure of rats induced a diabetes-like status. In the exposure group, 20 minutes after the injection of glucose solution, blood glucose levels were significantly higher than in the sham exposure group, while administration of olive leave extract prevented the exposure related effect.
After exposure, various plasma parameters were changed compared to the control group: The level of total proteins, triglycerides, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine was significantly increased while the level of uric acid was significantly decreased. In the exposure group with olive leave extract administration, the values for total proteins and creatinine were significantly reduced compared to the exposure group without olive leaf extract, while the level of uric acid was significantly increased.
The authors conclude that exposure to a 2.45 GHz signal could induce oxidative stress and a diabetes-like status in rats, while olive leave extract could attenuate these effects.

Study character:

medical/biological study
experimental study
full/main study

Study funded by

not stated/no funding

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