Power-frequency electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia in Canada epidem.

Aim of study (acc. to author)

Endpoint/type of risk estimation

• childhood leukemia: acute lymphatic leukemia and other types

Exposure

• • 50/60 Hz
  • electric field
  • magnetic field
• • power transmission line
• • residential

Assessment

• wire code: Wertheimer-Leeper schema, Kaune-Savitz schema
• measurement: 24-hour measurement in child's bedroom, perimeter measurement of residence
• dosimeter: personal 48-hour magnetic and electric field measurements

Exposure groups

Population

• Group:
  • children
• Age: 0–14 years
• Observation period: January 1990 - December 1994, until June 1995 in British Columbia and Quebec
• Study location: Canada (provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Quebec)

Case group

• Characteristics: leukemia
• Data source: pediatric oncology treatment centers in each province, cancer registries
• Exclusion criteria: Down syndrome

Control group

• Selection:
  • population-based
• Matching:
  • sex
  • age
  • province
  • case:control = 1:1

Study size

Results (acc. to author)

Study funded by

• Canadian Electricity Association (CEA), Canada
• Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), USA
• Health Canada

Comments on this article

• McBride ML et al. (1999): Reply: "Power-frequency electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia in Canada"

Related articles

• Amoon AT et al. (2022): Pooled analysis of recent studies of magnetic fields and childhood leukemia
• Seomun G et al. (2021): Exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and childhood cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
• Núñez-Enríquez JC et al. (2020): Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a City With High Incidence of Leukemia and Elevated Exposure to ELF Magnetic Fields
• Auger N et al. (2019): Residential exposure to electromagnetic fields during pregnancy and risk of child cancer: A longitudinal cohort study
• Campos-Sanchez E et al. (2019): Novel ETV6-RUNX1 Mouse Model to Study the Role of ELF-MF in Childhood B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: a Pilot Study
• Crespi CM et al. (2019): Childhood leukemia risk in the California Power Line Study: Magnetic fields versus distance from power lines
• Swanson J et al. (2019): Changes over time in the reported risk for childhood leukaemia and magnetic fields
• Swanson J et al. (2018): Reanalysis of risks of childhood leukaemia with distance from overhead power lines in the UK
• Amoon AT et al. (2018): Proximity to overhead power lines and childhood leukaemia: an international pooled analysis
• Kheifets L et al. (2017): Residential magnetic fields exposure and childhood leukemia: a population-based case-control study in California
• Bunch KJ et al. (2016): Epidemiological study of power lines and childhood cancer in the UK: further analyses
• Crespi CM et al. (2016): Childhood leukaemia and distance from power lines in California: a population-based case-control study
• Tabrizi MM et al. (2015): Increased risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by prenatal and postnatal exposure to high voltage power lines: a case control study in Isfahan, Iran
• Salvan A et al. (2015): Childhood Leukemia and 50 Hz Magnetic Fields: Findings from the Italian SETIL Case-Control Study
• Tabrizi MM et al. (2015): Role of electromagnetic field exposure in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and no impact of urinary alpha-amylase - a case control study in Tehran, Iran
• Pedersen C et al. (2015): Residential exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukaemia, CNS tumour and lymphoma in Denmark
• Leitgeb N (2015): Synoptic Analysis Clarifies Childhood Leukemia Risk from ELF Magnetic Field Exposure
• Ba Hakim AS et al. (2014): ELF-EMF correlation study on distance from overhead transmission lines and acute leukemia among children in Klang Valley, Malaysia
• Swanson J et al. (2014): Childhood cancer and exposure to corona ions from power lines: an epidemiological test
• Bunch KJ et al. (2014): Residential distance at birth from overhead high-voltage powerlines: childhood cancer risk in Britain 1962-2008
• Zhao L et al. (2014): Magnetic fields exposure and childhood leukemia risk: a meta-analysis based on 11,699 cases and 13,194 controls
• Pedersen C et al. (2014): Distance from residence to power line and risk of childhood leukemia: a population-based case-control study in Denmark
• Sermage-Faure C et al. (2013): Childhood leukaemia close to high-voltage power lines--the Geocap study, 2002-2007
• Schüz J et al. (2012): Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and survival from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an international follow-up study
• Jirik V et al. (2012): Association between Childhood Leukaemia and Exposure to Power-frequency Magnetic Fields in Middle Europe
• Swanson J et al. (2012): Could the geomagnetic field be an effect modifier for studies of power-frequency magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia?
• Wünsch Filho V et al. (2011): Exposure to magnetic fields and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in Sao Paulo, Brazil
• Kroll ME et al. (2010): Childhood cancer and magnetic fields from high-voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study
• Sohrabi MR et al. (2010): Living near overhead high voltage transmission power lines as a risk factor for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study
• Kheifets L et al. (2010): Pooled analysis of recent studies on magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia
• Malagoli C et al. (2010): Risk of hematological malignancies associated with magnetic fields exposure from power lines: a case-control study in two municipalities of northern Italy
• Rahman HIA et al. (2008): A case-control study on the association between environmental factors and the occurrence of acute leukemia among children in Klang Valley, Malaysia
• Bernard N et al. (2008): Assessing the potential leukemogenic effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields and their harmonics using an animal leukemia model
• Svendsen AL et al. (2007): Exposure to magnetic fields and survival after diagnosis of childhood leukemia: a German cohort study
• Feizi AA et al. (2007): Acute childhood leukemias and exposure to magnetic fields generated by high voltage overhead power lines - a risk factor in Iran
• Kabuto M et al. (2006): Childhood leukemia and magnetic fields in Japan: a case-control study of childhood leukemia and residential power-frequency magnetic fields in Japan
• Foliart DE et al. (2006): Magnetic field exposure and long-term survival among children with leukaemia
• Draper G et al. (2005): Childhood cancer in relation to distance from high voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study
• Schüz J et al. (2001): Residential magnetic fields as a risk factor for childhood acute leukaemia: results from a German population-based case-control study
• Ahlbom A et al. (2000): A pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia
• UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators (2000): Childhood cancer and residential proximity to power lines
• Greenland S et al. (2000): A pooled analysis of magnetic fields, wire codes, and childhood leukemia. Childhood Leukemia-EMF Study Group
• UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators (1999): Exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of childhood cancer
• Green LM et al. (1999): Childhood leukemia and personal monitoring of residential exposures to electric and magnetic fields in Ontario, Canada
• Green LM et al. (1999): A case-control study of childhood leukemia in southern Ontario, Canada, and exposure to magnetic fields in residences
• Dockerty JD et al. (1999): Electromagnetic field exposures and childhood leukaemia in New Zealand
• Angelillo IF et al. (1999): Residential exposure to electromagnetic fields and childhood leukaemia: a meta-analysis
• Dockerty JD et al. (1998): Electromagnetic field exposures and childhood cancers in New Zealand
• Michaelis J et al. (1998): Combined risk estimates for two German population-based case-control studies on residential magnetic fields and childhood acute leukemia
• Petridou E et al. (1997): Electrical power lines and childhood leukemia: a study from Greece
• Tynes T et al. (1997): Electromagnetic Fields and Cancer in Children Residing Near Norwegian High-Voltage Power Lines
• Linet MS et al. (1997): Residential exposure to magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
• Michaelis J et al. (1997): Childhood leukemia and electromagnetic fields: results of a population-based case-control study in Germany
• Verkasalo PK et al. (1993): Risk of cancer in Finnish children living close to power lines
• Feychting M et al. (1993): Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high-voltage power lines
• Petridou E et al. (1993): Age of exposure to infections and risk of childhood leukaemia
• Olsen J et al. (1993): Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children
• Savitz DA et al. (1988): Case-control study of childhood cancer and exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields
• Fulton JP et al. (1980): Electrical wiring configurations and childhood leukemia in Rhode Island