Mobile phone related articles are
Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Duranti G et al. | 2005 | intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes cell line) | cell proliferation, cytotoxicity | 900 MHz | 0.04–0.08 W/kg | continuous for 18 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Trosic I et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, V79 (Chinese hamster fibroblast cells) | cell proliferation, mitotic index, microtubule protein structure | 935 MHz | 0.12 W/kg | continuous for 1 h, 2 h and 3 h | mobile communications, mobile phone, digital mobile phone, CW continuous wave |
Merola P et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, LAN-5 (human neuroblastoma cells) | cell proliferation; apoptosis, cell differentiation | 900 MHz | 1 W/kg | continuous for 24, 48 and 72 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Atasoy A et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture | cell surface antigenic structures, cell viability, cell proliferation, apoptosis | 450 MHz | - | continuous for 2 hr, 6 hr or 24 hr | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field |
Buttiglione M et al. | 2007 | intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) | cell viability | 900 MHz | 1 W/kg | continuous for 5, 15, 30 min, 6 or 24 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Sannino A et al. | 2006 | human blood sample | cell viability | 1,950 MHz | 0.5–2 W/kg | continuous for 24 h | UMTS, mobile communications, microwaves |
Liu ML et al. | 2011 | intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) | cell viability and cell death of neurons | 1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 6 x 2 h/day on 2 days | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Del Vecchio G et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) and cholinergic SN56 cell line | cell viability, cell proliferation, and cytotoxicity (cell vulnerability) | 900 MHz | 1 W/kg | up to 144 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Huang TQ et al. | 2008 | intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) | cellular and molecular changes (e.g. DNA damage, gene expression, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression) | 1,762.5 MHz | 2–10 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, for 1, 2, or 3 days | digital mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications |
Liu YX et al. | 2015 | intact cell/cell culture, U251-MG, U87-MG, T98G and A127 (human glioblastoma cell lines) | cellular parameters <i>in vitro</i> and tumorigenesis <i>in vivo</i> | 1,950 MHz | 5 W/kg | continuous for 12 hours | mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications |
Calabro E et al. | 2012 | intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) | cellular stress response (heat shock protein expression, cell viability and apoptosis) | 1,760 MHz | 0.086 W/kg | continuous for 2 h and 4 h | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
d'Ambrosio G et al. | 2002 | intact cell/cell culture | chromosome damage, cell proliferation | 1.748 GHz | 2.25–5.02 W/kg | continuous for 15 min | GSM, mobile communications, microwaves |
Lixia S et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, SRA01/04-hLEC (human eye lens epithelial cells) | comet assay, stress response/gene expression, cell proliferation | 1.8 GHz | 1–3 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, TDMA, mobile communications |
Nikolova T et al. | 2005 | intact cell/cell culture, ES R1 cells (mouse embryonic stem cells) | different effects (e.g. different transcript levels, genotoxicity, proliferation, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, mitochondrial function) | 50 Hz–1.25 kHz | 1.5 W/kg | intermittent, 5 min on/30 min off, for 6 h and 48 h | GSM, mobile communications, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
Chen C et al. | 2014 | intact cell/cell culture, embryonic neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) | differentiation, cell growth and cell viability of neural stem cells | 1,800 MHz | 1–4 W/kg | intermittent for 1 to 3 days (5 min field on, 10 min field off) | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Kim TH et al. | 2008 | animal, mouse/C57BL, partial body: head | effects on the brain (cell proliferation, cell death / apoptosis, distribution of neurons and glia cells) | 849 MHz | 1.55–7.8 W/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, 5 days/week, for 6 or 12 months | digital mobile phone, PCS, CDMA, mobile communications |
Czyz J et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture, pluripotent R1 embryonic stem cells, wild-type D3 and p53-deficient; embryonic carcinoma cells of line P19 | gene expression, cell differentiation, cell cycle phase, and proliferation | 1.71 GHz | 0.4–16 W/kg | intermittent, 5/30 min On/Off cycles for 6 or 48 hours | GSM, mobile communications |
Sekijima M et al. | 2010 | intact cell/cell culture, A172 (human glioblastoma cells), H4 (neuroglioma cells) and IMR90 fibroblasts (from fetal lungs) | gene expression, cell proliferation | 2.1425 GHz | 80–800 mW/kg | continuous for 24 hr to 96 hr | mobile phone base station, W-CDMA, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave |
Gurisik E et al. | 2006 | intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SK-N-SH) and monocytes cell line (U937) | gene expression, cell viability | 900 MHz | 0.2 W/kg | continuous for 1 or 2 h | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Fitzner R et al. | 1995 | intact cell/cell culture, human leukemia cells HL-60 | growth behaviour of leukemia cells | 900 MHz | 80 mW/kg | continuous for 24 h | mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM |
Aksoy U et al. | 2005 | protozoa/parasites, <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> and <i>Entamoeba dispar</i> | growth of <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> and <i>Entamoeba dispar</i> | 900 MHz | - | intermittent, 60 s/h for 24 h | GSM, mobile communications |
Rosado MM et al. | 2014 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6Thy1<sup>b</sup>Igh<sup>b</sup> (wild type B/6), whole body | hematopoietic precursor cell differentiation and proliferation in thymus and spleen (ability of bone marrow precursor cells to colonize lymphoid organs and to differentiate in mature T cells and B lymphocytes) | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 2 h/day and 5 days/week for 4 weeks | GSM, mobile communications |
Odaci E et al. | 2008 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: maternal head | histopathology of the hippocampus, number of granule cells in the dentate gyrus | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | 60 min/day, from the first to the last day of gestation | mobile communications |
Cleary SF et al. | 1996 | intact cell/cell culture, CTLL-2 (murine cytolytic T lymphocytes) | interleukin-2-dependent proliferation of cytolytic T lymphocytes | 2.45 GHz | 5–50 W/kg | continuous for 2 h | PCS, mobile communications, microwaves, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave, 2.45 GHz |
Capri M et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture | mitochondrial functionality, proliferation; cell cycle progression; spontaneous/induced apoptosis | 900 MHz | 70–76 mW/kg | repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day during 48 h or 72 h of culture | GSM, mobile communications |
Eberle P et al. | 1996 | intact cell/cell culture | mutations in genes and chromosomes, cell proliferation | 440 MHz | - | continuous for 70, 50, or 39 h | mobile communications, GSM, C-Net |
Yang L et al. | 2012 | intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts) | neoplastic promotion: cell morphology and cell proliferation <i>in vitro</i>; cancer promoting activity <i>in vivo</i> | 916 MHz | - | continuous for 2 h/day every day, until cells lost their contact inhibition (up to 8 weeks) | mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves, CW continuous wave |
Kim HS et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body | neurogenesis in the adult rat brain | 845.5 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous for 1 h daily, 5 days per week, for 2 weeks | CDMA, mobile communications |
Bas O et al. | 2009 | animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body | neuronal development of hippocampus (number and histopathological changes of pyramidal cells in the cornu ammonis) | 900 MHz | 2 W/kg | continuous during gestation (19 days) | mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field |
Naarala J et al. | 2004 | intact cell/cell culture, yeast cell strains (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>), mammalian cell lines (L929, SH-SY5Y, C6, primary rat astrocytes) | ornithine decarboxylase activity, cell cycle kinetics, cell proliferation, apoptosis | 50 Hz | 6 W/kg | continuous for 1 to 24 h | mobile communications, GSM, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
Brescia F et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) | oxidative stress (production of reactive oxygen species), cell viability | 1,950 MHz | 0.5–2 W/kg | 5 min - 60 min or 24 h | digital mobile phone, UMTS, mobile communications, co-exposure |
Cao Y et al. | 2009 | intact cell/cell culture, SHG44 cells (human glioma cells) | oxidative stress, cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis | 900 MHz | - | continuous for 2 h/day on 3 days | mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure |
Sokolovic D et al. | 2013 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in thymocytes, genotoxicity | 900 MHz | 0.043–0.135 W/g | continuous for 4 hours/day on 20, 40 or 60 consecutive days | mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Kim DH et al. | 2015 | intact cell/cell culture, BEAS-2B (human bronchial epithelial cells) | wound healing capacity of human bronchial epithelial cells | 1.8 GHz | 1 W/kg | continuous for up to 65 h | mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field |
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