The effects of exposure to a 50 Hz sinusoidal or a pulsed magnetic field on oral wound healing should be investigated in an in vitro model with human gingival fibroblasts.
Cells were divided into the following groups: 1) exposure to the sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic field, 2) exposure to the pulsed magnetic field, 3) sham exposure.
To examine whether cell proliferation and/or migration is modulated by the exposure during wound healing, cells were tested with and without mitomycin C, a DNA crosslinker and inhibitor of cell proliferation.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
6 and 18 hours
|
|
|
Exposure 2:
12 Hz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
6 and 18 hours
|
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Waveform | |
| Exposure duration | 6 and 18 hours |
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Chamber | cell incubator with 5% CO2 at 37°C ± 0.3°C |
| Setup | 160-turn solenoid (22 cm length, 6 cm radius, 1.25 x 10-5 cm copper wire diameter) was placed in incubator; cells were placed in the center |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional info | for validation, cells were also placed in another cell incubator without an EMF, with the same conditions as the sham exposed cells; no differences were detected with respect to the sham exposed cells |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 1 mT | effective value | measured | - | - |
| Frequency | 12 Hz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Waveform | |
| Exposure duration | 6 and 18 hours |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Pulse width | 1.3 ms |
| Repetition frequency | 12 Hz |
| Pulse type | biphasic |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 1 mT | effective value | measured | - | - |
Exposure to the sinusoidal magnetic field (group 1) significantly increased cell proliferation and migration compared to the sham exposure. The expression of all examined genes was significantly different in the exposure groups (groups 1 and 2) compared to the sham exposure group: After 6 hours of exposure, increased gene expressions of IL-6, TGF-β and iNOS indicated a proliferative phase in wound repair. After 18 hours of exposure, increased expression rates of MMP-2, MCP-1 and HO-1 were interpreted as an acceleration of the wound-healing process.
The authors conclude that exposure to a 50 Hz sinusoidal or a pulsed magnetic field might be a potential therapeutic tool in wound healing.
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