To study the effects of 872 MHz radiofrequency irradiation at a relatively high SAR value (5 W/kg; isothermal condition) on intracellular reactive oxygen species production and whether a possible effect is linked to DNA damage.
Co-exposure to radiofrequency irradiation and menadione, a chemical inducing intracellular reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage, was also performed.
cells were treated in four groups: i) menadione only ii) RF only iii) RF + menadione iv) sham RF exposure
Frequency | 872 MHz |
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Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 1 h |
Modulation type | CW |
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Exposure source | |
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Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAR | 5 W/kg | - | - | - | - |
Frequency | 872 MHz |
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Type | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 1 h |
Modulation type | pulsed |
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Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
Exposure source |
|
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Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAR | 5 W/kg | - | - | - | - |
"Continuous wave radiofrequency + menadione" exposure increased DNA breakage in comparison to the cells exposed to menadione only. Comparison of the same groups also showed that reactive oxygen species level was higher in cells exposed to radiofrequency irradiation (CW) at 30 and 60 min after the end of exposure. Radiofrequency exposure alone did not induce DNA damage.
No effects of the GSM signal were found for neither reactive oxygen species production nor DNA damage.
Radiofrequency exposure (with or without menadione) did not significantly affect cell viability.
The data suggest that 872 MHz continuous wave radiofrequency exposure at 5 W/kg might enhance chemically induced reactive oxygen species production and thus cause secondary DNA damage. However, there is no known mechanism that would explain such effects from continuous wave radiofrequency exposure but not from GSM modulated radiofrequency irradiation at identical SAR.
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