Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones med./bio.

Published in: Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111 (7): 881-883

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To investigate whether a pathologic leakage across the blood-brain barrier might cause damage to the neurons.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 915 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: continuous for 2 hours
  • power: 10 mW peak value
  • power density: 0.24 W/m² peak value
  • SAR: 2 mW/kg average over mass (whole body)
Exposure 2: 915 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: continuous for 2 hours
  • power: 100 mW peak value
  • power density: 2.4 W/m² peak value
  • SAR: 20 mW/kg average over mass (whole body)
Exposure 3: 915 MHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: continuous for 2 hours
  • power: 1,000 mW peak value
  • power density: 24 W/m² peak value
  • SAR: 200 mW/kg average over mass (whole body)

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 915 MHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration continuous for 2 hours
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Additional info

no voice modulation applied

Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber The TEM cell was enclosed in a wooden box (15 x 15 x 15 cm) with outer brass net conductor attached to the inner walls of the box and an aluminium centre plate or septum. Rats were placed in plastic trays (12 x 12 x 7 cm) within the TEM cell.
Setup A GSM mobile phone with a programmable power output was connected via coaxial cable to the TEM-cell.
Additional info Rats were divided into four groups of which three were exposed and one was sham-exposed.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power 10 mW peak value - - -
power density 0.24 W/m² peak value - - -
SAR 2 mW/kg average over mass calculated whole body -

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 915 MHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration continuous for 2 hours
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Additional info

no voice modulation applied

Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power 100 mW peak value - - -
power density 2.4 W/m² peak value - - -
SAR 20 mW/kg average over mass calculated whole body -

Exposure 3

Main characteristics
Frequency 915 MHz
Type
Charakteristic
  • guided field
Exposure duration continuous for 2 hours
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Additional info

no voice modulation applied

Exposure setup
Exposure source
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
power 1,000 mW peak value - - -
power density 24 W/m² peak value - - -
SAR 200 mW/kg average over mass calculated whole body -

Reference articles

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Investigated organ system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

A highly significant evidence for neuronal damage in the cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia in the brains of exposed rats was found.

Study character:

Study funded by

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