Several parameters that were not well controlled in the previous study of Salford et al., such as animal age, gender and numbers, were modified to clarify the causality between experimental conditions and results. The rats were randomly divided into five groups of 16 animals each: Group I was sham-exposed. Group II was exposed at 0.02 W/kg, Group III at 0.2 W/kg, and Group IV at 2.0 W/kg. Group V served as a cage control. Groups I - IV were trained to adapt to confinement in the acrylic box before exposure. Albumin leakage and dark neurons were studied 14 and 50 days after a single 2 h exposure.
Salford LG et al.
(2003):
Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones
Salford LG et al.
(1994):
Permeability of the blood-brain barrier induced by 915 MHz electromagnetic radiation, continuous wave and modulated at 8, 16, 50, and 200 Hz
Neither albumin leakage nor dark neurons were found in any ratbrains after radiofrequencyelectromagnetic fieldexposure at levels up to 2.0 W/kg whole body SAR, which is 10-fold higher than the SARs Salford et al. used. Therefore, the authors were unable to confirm the results of the previous study of Salford et al. (2003).
Tang J et al.
(2015):
Exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields activates the mkp-1/ERK pathway and causes blood-brain barrier damage and cognitive impairment in rats
Sirav B et al.
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Effects of radiofrequency radiation exposure on blood-brain barrier permeability in male and female rats
de Gannes FP et al.
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Effects of head-only exposure of rats to GSM-900 on blood-brain barrier permeability and neuronal degeneration
Sirav B et al.
(2009):
Blood-brain barrier disruption by continuous-wave radio frequency radiation
McQuade JM et al.
(2009):
Radiofrequency-radiation exposure does not induce detectable leakage of albumin across the blood-brain barrier
Eberhardt JL et al.
(2008):
Blood-brain barrier permeability and nerve cell damage in rat brain 14 and 28 days after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones
Finnie JW et al.
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Neonatal mouse brain exposure to mobile telephony and effect on blood-brain barrier permeability
Finnie JW et al.
(2006):
Effect of mobile telephony on blood-brain barrier permeability in the fetal mouse brain
Kuribayashi M et al.
(2005):
Lack of effects of 1439 MHz electromagnetic near field exposure on the blood-brain barrier in immature and young rats
Salford LG et al.
(2003):
Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones
Tsurita G et al.
(2000):
Biological and morphological effects on the brain after exposure of rats to a 1439 MHz TDMA field
Persson BRR et al.
(1997):
Blood-brain barrier permeability in rats exposed to electromagnetic fields used in wireless communication
Fritze K et al.
(1997):
Effect of global system for mobile communication (GSM) microwave exposure on blood-brain barrier permeability in rat
Salford LG et al.
(1994):
Permeability of the blood-brain barrier induced by 915 MHz electromagnetic radiation, continuous wave and modulated at 8, 16, 50, and 200 Hz
Salford LG et al.
(1993):
Permeability of the blood-brain barrier induced by 915 MHz electromagnetic radiation, continuous wave and modulated at 8, 16, 50 and 200 Hz
Persson BR et al.
(1992):
Increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier induced by magnetic and electromagnetic fields
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