Scientific progress - wireless phones and brain cancer: current state of the science review

Endpoint

• genotoxicity/mutation: DNA-damage (chromosome aberration, micronucleus formation, DNA strand break, sister chromatid exchange)
• molecular biosynthesis: c-fos, c-jun expression
• cell function: calcium homeostasis
• cancer: lymphoma, liver cancer, mammary tumors
• effects on the cardiovascular system: blood pressure, heart rate, capillary perfusion
• morphol./histopathol. changes: secretion of the intra-vascular macrophages of the lung
• endocrine changes: level of melatonin, growth hormone, cortisol, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone
• effects on the neurological system: blood brain barrier permeability; EEG
• hypersensitivity/subjective complaints: headache, fatigue, warmth behind/on the ear, burning of the skin
• epidemiology: health risk, brain cancer mortality

Exposure

• • 2.45 GHz
  • static magnetic field
  • microwaves
• • CDMA
  • TDMA
  • CW continuous wave
  • PW pulsed wave
  • mobile communications
  • analog mobile phone
  • digital mobile phone
  • GSM