Two experiments were performed. For the first experiment, male rats were divided into a sham exposure or an exposure group (n=6 per group). Blood was collected immediately after exposure for a testosteroneassay. Immediately after the last exposure, the rats were sacrificed and the sperms collected. The caspase-3 activity was measured and sperm samples were morphological examined. For the second experiment, 18 rats were divided into two groups: sham exposed group (male=3, female =6) and exposed group (male=3, female=6). After the exposure, rats of each group were mated. The number and the weight of the pups were regarded.
rats placed individually in 18-22 cm long, 5.7 cm high and 4-7 cm wide Plexiglas cages, fixed with anechoic material and ventilated with 1 cm diameter holes; the cages were pasted with anechoic material on two sides of each box (top was not covered)
Setup
mobile phone positioned on the top of the cage; mobility of the rats in the cage was limited to 1-2 cm; cell phones in silent mode without vibration
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