Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain med./bio.

Published in: Clin Chim Acta 2004; 340 (1-2): 153-162

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extracts on mobile phone induced oxidative stress in brain tissue of rats.

Background/further details

Ginkgo extracts were feed to rats as dry powder. Specific metabolites such as malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (NO) and a broad variety of enzymes involved in antioxidative metabolism were investigated.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 900 MHz
Modulation type: CW
Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day for 7 days
  • SAR: 2 W/kg maximum (peak SAR of the brain)
  • SAR: 0.25 W/kg average over mass (whole body)

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 900 MHz
Type
Charakteristic
Exposure duration repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day for 7 days
Modulation
Modulation type CW
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber The exposure system was based on the reference article with some modifications. It consisted of six round ventilated tubes mounted circularly and two (?) mobile phones in the middle on top of them.
Setup Rats were confined in the tubes with their heads directed towards the antennas of the mobile phones. Mobile phones were activated by calling each other.
Additional info Rats were divided into four exposure groups: EMR, EMR + Gb (Gingko biloba), Gb only, and controls. Control and Gb only groups were subjected to the same conditions except that the mobile phones were turned off.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 2 W/kg maximum - - peak SAR of the brain
SAR 0.25 W/kg average over mass - whole body -

Reference articles

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Investigated organ system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

The three main outcomes of this study on rat brain can be resumed as followed:
1) mobile phones can induce oxidative damage. This is shown by increased levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase, and adenosine deaminase.
2) Alterations in brain are histopathologically detectable.
3) Ginkgo biloba extracts act as a free radical scavenger agent and prevents oxidative damage and histopathological changes.

Study character:

Study funded by

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