This in vitro study was performed to investigate the effects of non-thermal extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on gene expression in murine embryonic stem cells.
Embryonic stem cells were chosen as model to explore cell differentiation.
Besides the influence of the cellular p53 status the effects of an intermittent or continuous exposure with/without recovery time at different magnetic flux densities should be examined.
Exposure | Parameters |
---|---|
Exposure 1:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
intermittent for 6 h or 48 h, 5 min on/30 min off
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|
Exposure 2:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
intermittent for 6 h or 48 h, 5 min on/10 min off
|
|
Exposure 3:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 6 or 48 h
|
|
Frequency | 50 Hz |
---|---|
Type | |
Waveform | |
Exposure duration | intermittent for 6 h or 48 h, 5 min on/30 min off |
Exposure source |
|
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Setup | Two four coil systems, each placed inside a µ-metal shielding box. The coils generated a linearly polarized B-field the area of the Petri dishes with the B-field vector perpendicular to the dish plane. The B-field was homogeneous over the exposure area (16 cm x 16 cm 16 cm). For sham exposure, the currents in the bifilar coils were switched non-parallel. |
Additional info | B-field vector perpendicular to the Petri dishes plane. One chamber was used for exposure and the other one used for sham exposure. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnetic flux density | 1 mT | unspecified | measured | - | - |
magnetic flux density | 100 µT | unspecified | measured | - | - |
magnetic flux density | 2.3 mT | unspecified | measured | - | - |
Frequency | 50 Hz |
---|---|
Type | |
Waveform | |
Exposure duration | intermittent for 6 h or 48 h, 5 min on/10 min off |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnetic flux density | 2.3 mT | unspecified | measured | - | - |
Frequency | 50 Hz |
---|---|
Type | |
Waveform | |
Exposure duration | continuous for 6 or 48 h |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnetic flux density | 100 µT | unspecified | measured | - | - |
magnetic flux density | 1 mT | unspecified | measured | - | - |
The intermittent magnetic field exposure ("5 minutes "field-on"/30 minutes "field-off" cycles" at a magnetic flux density of 2.3 mT for 6 hours) showed a significant up-regulation of c-jun, p21 and egr-1 mRNA levels in p53-deficient, but not in wild type cells.
No significant effects were observed in both cell lines exposed to magnetic fields at lower magnetic flux densities, longer exposure time or after 18 hours recovery time.
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