Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1743 studies in total
  1. Health
    770 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    584 studies
  3. Brain
    519 studies
  4. Cells
    228 studies
  5. Other
    208 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Cells

228 studies in total
  1. Apoptosis/cell death
    114 studies
  2. Cell proliferation/growth
    85 studies
  3. Cell morphology
    38 studies
  4. Cell viability
    36 studies
  5. Cell cycle
    34 studies
  6. Cell differentiation
    8 studies
  7. Cell orientation
    one study

Apoptosis/cell death 114 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Hussein S et al. 2016 animal, rat changes and damage in the rat brain 1,800 MHz 0.6 W/kg continuous for 120 min/day for three months mobile phone, mobile communications
Lee JS et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, HT22 (mouse hippocampus neuronal cells) cytotoxicity 837–1,950 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 2 hours mobile phone, CDMA, W-CDMA, mobile communications, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Kayhan H et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) apoptosis and cell cycle progression 2.1 GHz 0.235–0.491 W/kg continuous for 24 hours W-CDMA, mobile communications, microwaves
Guler G et al. 2016 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body - 1,800 MHz 18 mW/kg - GSM, mobile communications
Sagioglou NE et al. 2016 - - 100–900 MHz - - GSM, TETRA/TETRAPOL, mobile communications, RF, FM frequency modulation, CW continuous wave, Radio/TV transmitter, FM broadcast (UKW)
Tohidi FZ et al. 2015 animal, mouse/BALB/c - - - - mobile communications, RF
Mortazavi SMJ et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF
Liu YX et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, U251-MG, U87-MG, T98G and A127 (human glioblastoma cell lines) cellular parameters <i>in vitro</i> and tumorigenesis <i>in vivo</i> 1,950 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 12 hours mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications
Odaci E et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body histology, apoptosis and oxidative stress in the testes 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day for 30 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Cig B et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) apoptosis, cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, generation of reactive oxygen species 900 MHz 0.18–0.58 mW/kg continuous for 1 hour mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Fasseas MK et al. 2015 invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> 1,780–1,800 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Naziroglu M et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, hippocampal neurons (from Wistar rats) - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications
Azadi Oskouyi E et al. 2015 animal, rabbit/New Zealand, whole body - 850–950 MHz - - mobile phone, mobile communications, FM frequency modulation
Canseven AG et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, Raji cells (human Burkitt lymphoma cells) - 1,800 MHz - - GSM, mobile communications, co-exposure
Hou Q et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts 1,800 MHz 2 W/kg intermittent exposure (5 min on/10 min off) for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6 or 8 hours mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Lee SS et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human adipose derived stem cells cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation 2.4 GHz 240 mW/kg continuous for 10 hours/day for 5 days mobile phone, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi
Kahya MC et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, MDA-MB-231 cells (breast cancer cell line) - 900 MHz 0.36 W/kg - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, co-exposure
Chen C et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) differentiation, cell growth and cell viability of neural stem cells 1,800 MHz 1–4 W/kg intermittent for 1 to 3 days (5 min field on, 10 min field off) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Liu K et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) - 1,800 MHz 1–4 W/kg intermittent for 24 hours (5 min on and 10 min off) mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Ozgur E et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, Hep G2 cells (hepatic transformed cell line) - 900 MHz 2 W/kg - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Motawi TK et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Kesari KK et al. 2014 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body DNA damage, protein expression, apoptosis and oxidative stress in brain 2,115 MHz 0.26–0.9 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/day for 60 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Souza LCM et al. 2014 human, partial body nuclear abnormalities 850–1,900 MHz 0.344–1.38 W/kg > 5 hours mobile phone use per week mobile phone, mobile communications
Koç A et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Umur AS et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body development of the neural tube - 0.77 W/kg standby mode for 30, 48 or 72 hours mobile phone, mobile communications
Köktürk S et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body apoptosis in the cerebellum 900 MHz - 30 min/day until rats were 80 days old mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Esmekaya MA et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human breast fibroblasts cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential 2.1 GHz 0.607 W/kg continuous for 4 or 24 hours W-CDMA, mobile communications, microwaves
Kruglik OV et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, EAC cells (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sokolovic D et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in thymocytes, genotoxicity 900 MHz 0.043–0.135 W/g continuous for 4 hours/day on 20, 40 or 60 consecutive days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Liu YX et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, rat astrocytes, C6 cells (rat glioma cell line) apoptosis 1,950 MHz 5.36 W/kg continuous for 12, 24, 48 h mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves
Calabro E et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) cellular stress response (heat shock protein expression, cell viability and apoptosis) 1,760 MHz 0.086 W/kg continuous for 2 h and 4 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Zeni O et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells DNA damage, cell viability and apoptosis 1,950 MHz 10 W/kg continuous for 24 h UMTS, W-CDMA, mobile communications
Terro F et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, primary cerebral cortical cells (neurons and astrocytes) of rat embryos chaperone-mediated auto-phagocytosis, apoptosis 900 MHz 0.25 W/kg continuous for 24 h GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Karaca E et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus assay), gene expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes 10.715 GHz 0.725 W/kg continuous for 6 h per day for 3 days mobile phone, mobile communications, RF, microwaves
Dogan M et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body brain metabolism, oxidative stress, histopathology and apoptosis in the brain 1.9 Hz–2.2 GHz - every day two times 20 min (1x talking, 1x listening mode) from day 2 to day 21 digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Liu ML et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) cell viability and cell death of neurons 1,800 MHz - continuous for 6 x 2 h/day on 2 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Chavdoula ED et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz - continuous for 6 min./day on 6 days mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM
Falzone N et al. 2010 human spermatozoa pro-apoptosis events in human spermatozoa (e.g. enzyme activity of caspases, externalization of phosphatidylserine, DNA strand breaks and production of reactive oxygen species) 900 MHz 2–5.7 W/kg continuous for 60 min. mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 6 days mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications
Dasdag S et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brain 900 MHz 0.17–0.58 W/kg continuous for 2 hr/day, 7 days/week for 10 months mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, microwaves
Atasoy A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture cell surface antigenic structures, cell viability, cell proliferation, apoptosis 450 MHz - continuous for 2 hr, 6 hr or 24 hr mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF
Cao Y et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, SHG44 cells (human glioma cells) oxidative stress, cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis 900 MHz - continuous for 2 h/day on 3 days mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure
El-Swefy S et al. 2008 animal, rat/albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone base station, co-exposure
Zhu Y et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, rat cortical neuronal cells, animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - continuous for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 or 24 h mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves, co-exposure
Hoyto A et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, murine L929 fibroblast cells cell proliferation and apoptosis 872 MHz 5 W/kg 1 h and 24 h for ODC measurement, 24 h for proliferation measurement, 1 h for caspase-3 activity measurement GSM, mobile communications, RF, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave
Palumbo R et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) and human peripheral blood lymphocytes apoptosis 900 MHz 1.35–10.8 W/kg continuous for 1 h mobile communications, GSM
Hoyto A et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) and mouse fibroblasts (L929) cell proliferation, cell death 872 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 1 or 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Kim TH et al. 2008 animal, mouse/C57BL, partial body: head effects on the brain (cell proliferation, cell death / apoptosis, distribution of neurons and glia cells) 849 MHz 1.55–7.8 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 1 h/day, 5 days/week, for 6 or 12 months digital mobile phone, PCS, CDMA, mobile communications
Moquet J et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, murine neuroblastoma cell line (N2a) apoptosis 935 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Yilmaz F et al. 2008 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body apoptosis 900 MHz 0.52–3.13 W/kg repeated daily exposure, 20 min/day, for 1 month digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications