Study overviews

Mobile phone related articles are

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on mobile communications

1711 studies in total
  1. Health
    747 studies
  2. DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress
    570 studies
  3. Brain
    512 studies
  4. Cells
    225 studies
  5. Other
    205 studies
  6. Cell functions
    118 studies

Cells

225 studies in total
  1. Apoptosis/cell death
    113 studies
  2. Cell proliferation/growth
    84 studies
  3. Cell morphology
    38 studies
  4. Cell viability
    35 studies
  5. Cell cycle
    34 studies
  6. Cell differentiation
    8 studies
  7. Cell orientation
    one study

Apoptosis/cell death 113 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Gökçen S et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, Caco 2 cells (human colon adenocarcinoma cell line) - 2.5 GHz - - GSM, mobile communications, CW continuous wave, RF field
Kucukbagriacik Y et al. 2022 animal, mouse/Swiss albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF field, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Lin YY et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, TM3 cells (mouse Leydig cell line) - 1,950 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, microwaves
Yu G et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, Sertoli cells (rat), animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 2,605 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Saka VP et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, primary cortical neurons (of rat) - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 4G, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Yinhui P et al. 2023 animal, mouse/BALB/c - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone, LTE, CDMA
Savchenko L et al. 2023 animal, mouse/Swiss Webster - 915 MHz - - mobile communications, RF field
Sun C et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Jooyan N et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Goh J et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, HeLa (human cervical carcinoma cell line), Huh7 cells (hepatocellular carcinoma cells) and B103 cells (rat neuroblastoma cells) - 1.7 GHz - - mobile communications, LTE, RF field
Kirimlioglu E et al. 2024 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, UMTS, RF field
Hoyto A et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, murine L929 fibroblast cells cell proliferation and apoptosis 872 MHz 5 W/kg 1 h and 24 h for ODC measurement, 24 h for proliferation measurement, 1 h for caspase-3 activity measurement GSM, mobile communications, RF field, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave
Köktürk S et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body apoptosis in the cerebellum 900 MHz - 30 min/day until rats were 80 days old mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Souza LCM et al. 2014 human, partial body nuclear abnormalities 850–1,900 MHz 0.344–1.38 W/kg > 5 hours mobile phone use per week mobile phone, mobile communications
Fasseas MK et al. 2015 invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>)/N2 (wild type), DR1572, DR26, TK22, CL4176, NL5901, RB864, CL2070 (<i>hsp-16.2</i>), CF1553 (<i>sod-3</i>), SJ4005 (<i>hsp-4</i>), LG333 (<i>skn-1</i>), LD1171 (<i>gcs-1</i>) and CL2166 (<i>gst-4</i>) effects on fertility, neurodegeneration, short-term memory, chemotaxis, stress, apoptosis, life span and growth of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> 1,780–1,800 MHz - continuous for 0.5, 1, 3, 6 or 24 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, DECT, W-LAN/WiFi
Palumbo R et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (human lymphoblastoid T cells) and human peripheral blood lymphocytes apoptosis 900 MHz 1.35–10.8 W/kg continuous for 1 h mobile communications, GSM
Cig B et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) apoptosis, cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, generation of reactive oxygen species 900 MHz 0.18–0.58 mW/kg continuous for 1 hour mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz
Odaci E et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body histology, apoptosis and oxidative stress in the testes 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day for 30 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Hoyto A et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) and mouse fibroblasts (L929) cell proliferation, cell death 872 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 1 or 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Naarala J et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, yeast cell strains (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>), mammalian cell lines (L929, SH-SY5Y, C6, primary rat astrocytes) ornithine decarboxylase activity, cell cycle kinetics, cell proliferation, apoptosis 50 Hz 6 W/kg continuous for 1 to 24 h mobile communications, GSM, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Caraglia M et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, human oropharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma KB cancer cell line (depend from the Ras --> Erk-mediated survival signaling that protect them from apoptotic stimuli) apoptosis 1.95 GHz 3.6 mW/g continuous for 1, 2 and 3 h or for 48 h mobile communications, microwaves
Lee SS et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human adipose derived stem cells cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation 2.4 GHz 240 mW/kg continuous for 10 hours/day for 5 days mobile phone, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi
Lantow M et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, Mono Mac 6 cells (human monocytes) cell cycle (cell cycle phase, proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis) 1,800 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 12 h GSM, mobile communications
Liu YX et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, U251-MG, U87-MG, T98G and A127 (human glioblastoma cell lines) cellular parameters <i>in vitro</i> and tumorigenesis <i>in vivo</i> 1,950 MHz 5 W/kg continuous for 12 hours mobile phone, CDMA, mobile communications
Liu YX et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, rat astrocytes, C6 cells (rat glioma cell line) apoptosis 1,950 MHz 5.36 W/kg continuous for 12, 24, 48 h mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves
Hussein S et al. 2016 animal, rat changes and damage in the rat brain 1,800 MHz 0.6 W/kg continuous for 120 min/day for three months mobile phone, mobile communications
Belyaev IY et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture chromatin conformation and 53BP1 foci formation (DNA damage), apoptosis 50 Hz 37 mW/kg continuous for 2 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, 50/60 Hz
Calabro E et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) cellular stress response (heat shock protein expression, cell viability and apoptosis) 1,760 MHz 0.086 W/kg continuous for 2 h and 4 h mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Cao Y et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, SHG44 cells (human glioma cells) oxidative stress, cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis 900 MHz - continuous for 2 h/day on 3 days mobile phone, mobile communications, co-exposure
Lee JS et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, HT22 (mouse hippocampus neuronal cells) cytotoxicity 837–1,950 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 2 hours mobile phone, CDMA, W-CDMA, mobile communications, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Kesari KK et al. 2014 animal, rat/ Wistar, whole body DNA damage, protein expression, apoptosis and oxidative stress in brain 2,115 MHz 0.26–0.9 W/kg continuous for 2 hours/day for 60 days mobile phone, mobile communications
Atasoy A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture cell surface antigenic structures, cell viability, cell proliferation, apoptosis 450 MHz - continuous for 2 hr, 6 hr or 24 hr mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF field
Dasdag S et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: head apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brain 900 MHz 0.17–0.58 W/kg continuous for 2 hr/day, 7 days/week for 10 months mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, microwaves
Hook GJ et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, Molt-4 T (lymphoblastoid cells) DNA damage/DNA single-strand breaks, apoptosis 813.56 MHz 2.4 mW/kg–3.2 W/kg continuous for 2, 3 or 21 h iDEN, CDMA, FDMA, TDMA, mobile communications
Joubert V et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) apoptosis 900 MHz 0.25–2 W/kg continuous for 24 h GSM, mobile communications, microwaves
Joubert V et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture apoptosis 900 MHz 0.25 W/kg continuous for 24 h GSM, mobile communications
Moquet J et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, murine neuroblastoma cell line (N2a) apoptosis 935 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 24 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Terro F et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, primary cerebral cortical cells (neurons and astrocytes) of rat embryos chaperone-mediated auto-phagocytosis, apoptosis 900 MHz 0.25 W/kg continuous for 24 h GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Zeni O et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells DNA damage, cell viability and apoptosis 1,950 MHz 10 W/kg continuous for 24 h UMTS, W-CDMA, mobile communications
Kayhan H et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) apoptosis and cell cycle progression 2.1 GHz 0.235–0.491 W/kg continuous for 24 hours W-CDMA, mobile communications, microwaves
Merola P et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, LAN-5 (human neuroblastoma cells) cell proliferation; apoptosis, cell differentiation 900 MHz 1 W/kg continuous for 24, 48 and 72 h GSM, mobile communications
Cranfield CG et al. 2003 bacterium, magnetite-containing bacteria (<i>Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum</i>), nonmagnetic bacteria (<i>CC-26 strain of Proteobacteria</i>) cell mortality 1.8 GHz 2 W/kg continuous for 30 min digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sokolovic D et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in thymocytes, genotoxicity 900 MHz 0.043–0.135 W/g continuous for 4 hours/day on 20, 40 or 60 consecutive days mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Esmekaya MA et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human breast fibroblasts cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential 2.1 GHz 0.607 W/kg continuous for 4 or 24 hours W-CDMA, mobile communications, microwaves
Esmekaya MA et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer cell line) apoptosis and underlying mechanisms of action 2.1 GHz 0.528 W/kg continuous for 4 or 24 hours W-CDMA, mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves, RF field
Zhu Y et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, rat cortical neuronal cells, animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 900 MHz - continuous for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 or 24 h mobile phone, mobile communications, microwaves, co-exposure
Sanchez S et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and normal human dermal fibroblasts stress response (expression of heat shock proteins and apoptosis) 1,800 MHz 2 W/kg continuous for 48 h digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Karaca E et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture DNA damage (micronucleus assay), gene expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes 10.715 GHz 0.725 W/kg continuous for 6 h per day for 3 days mobile phone, mobile communications, RF field, microwaves
Chavdoula ED et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz - continuous for 6 min./day on 6 days mobile communications, digital mobile phone, GSM
Panagopoulos DJ et al. 2010 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>/Oregon-R ovarian cell death/DNA fragmentation, reproductive capacity of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> 900 MHz 0.89 W/kg continuous for 6 min/day on 6 days mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications