The effects of exposure of mice and splenic lymphocytes to a 50 Hz magnetic field on the immune function of the spleen should be investigated.
The study comprised an in vivo and an in vitro part. For the in vivo party, 20 mice were divided into 2 groups (n=10 each): 1) exposure (500 µT) and 2) sham exposure. For the in vitro part, splenic lymphocytes were isolated from 10 mice, stimulated with PMA (50 ng/ml) and ionomycin (1 µM) and divided into the following groups: exposure to a magnetic field with 3) 250 µT, 4) 500 µT and 5) 1 mT and 6) sham exposure.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
continuous for 8 hours/day on 5 days/week for 60 days
in vivo tests
|
|
|
Exposure 2:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
intermittent (?) for 6 hours
in vitro tests
|
|
|
Exposure 3:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
intermittent (?) for 6 hours
in vitro tests
|
|
|
Exposure 4:
50 Hz
Exposure duration:
intermittent (?) for 6 hours
in vitro tests
|
|
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Exposure duration | continuous for 8 hours/day on 5 days/week for 60 days |
| Additional info | in vivo tests |
| Exposure source | |
|---|---|
| Chamber | plastic cage |
| Setup | solenoid was made of winding copper wire (Ø = 1 mm) with an internal diameter of 35 cm and length of 90 cm constructed on a glass fiber cylinder; uniformity of the MF in the exposure area was ± 3%; temperature was kept at 22 ± 2°C and humidity was kept at 55 ± 10% during exposure |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional info | for sham exposure, mice were kept in an animal room with "basal" exposure and additional stress like the exposure group, but without MF exposure, were used |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 500 µT | - | measured | - | - |
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Waveform | |
| Exposure duration | intermittent (?) for 6 hours |
| Additional info | in vitro tests |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|---|
| Chamber | dishes in incubator |
| Setup | setup consisted of two 4-coil systems (2 coils with 56 windings, 2 coils with 50 windings), each placed inside a µ-metal box; both systems were fitted inside an incubator to ensure constant environmental conditions (37°C, 5% CO2, 95% humidity); temperature at the location of the dishes maintained 36.5-37.5°C during exposure; the temperature difference between the chambers did not exceed 0.3°C |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional info | for sham exposure, current in the coils was switched to non-parallel |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 250 µT | - | measured | - | - |
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Waveform | |
| Exposure duration | intermittent (?) for 6 hours |
| Additional info | in vitro tests |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 500 µT | - | measured | - | - |
| Frequency | 50 Hz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Waveform | |
| Exposure duration | intermittent (?) for 6 hours |
| Additional info | in vitro tests |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| magnetic flux density | 1 mT | - | measured | - | - |
After 20 and 30 days, exposed mice (group 1) had a significantly lower body weight than sham exposed mice (group 2) (remark EMF-Portal: result not clear, contradiction between text and figure). All other parameters did not show any significant differences between exposure and sham exposure groups of mice and cells.
The authors conclude that exposure of mice and splenic lymphocytes to a 50 Hz magnetic field has no effects on the immune function of the spleen.
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