It should be investigated if lacunarity and multifractal dimension analyses are suitable to measure the effects of exposure of embryos of the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) to a 60 Hzmagnetic field on the development of the vascular system in the yolk sac membrane.
Background/further details
The study was based on Costa et al. 2013 and should refine the method of the monofractal analysis. 100 eggs of the Japanese quail were divided into 5 groups (n=20 each): 1) sham exposure, exposure to the magnetic field 2) for 3 x 2 h/day, 3) for 3 x 3 h/day, 4) for 3 x 4 h/day and 5) for 24 h/day. 48 hours after the eggs had been laid, a small part of the egg shell was removed and replaced by transparent foil for observation and exposure started afterwards.
Helmholtz coils were placed in an incubator; probes of the teslameter were placed on the horizontal axis of each coil; eggs were placed along the horizontal axis between the two coils
Costa EV et al.
(2013):
Fractal analysis of extra-embryonic vascularization in Japanese quail embryos exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic fields
effects on the cardiovascular system: development of the vascular system in the yolk sac membrane: multifractal dimension (generalized dimensions spectrum) and lacunarity (distribution of gaps in an image) (after 1 and 2 days of exposure; image analysis with PC)
After 1 day of exposure, lacunarity of the vascular system was significantly higher in group 3 (3 x 3 h/day of exposure) compared to the sham exposure group. The multifractal analysis showed significant differences in the generalized dimensions spectrum in groups 2 (3 x 2 hours/day of exposure) and 3 compared to the sham exposure group after 1 day of exposure. Both results indicate differences in the development of the vascular system in the respective exposure groups compared to the sham exposure group. Moreover, in all groups a dominance of the higher generalized dimensions could be detected after 1 and 2 days of exposure in the multifractal analysis, indicating a multifractal dimension of the vascular system and a relative dominance of small vessels in the yolk sac membrane. The authors conclude that exposure of embryos of the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) to a 60 Hzmagnetic field could inhibit the development of the vascular system in the yolk sac membrane and that lacunarity and multifractal dimensions analyses are appropriate and complementary methods for the measurement of this endpoint.
Foundation of Support for Science and Technology of Pernambuco State (FACEPE), Brazil
Fundacao Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education; CAPES; at Ministry of Education), Brazil
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