Study type: Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Effects of Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure of Wi-Fi on Development of Teeth and Changes in Teeth Element Concentration in Rats : Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz) and Teeth Element Concentrations med./bio.

By: Ciftci ZZ, Kirzioglu Z, Naziroglu M, Ozmen O
Published in: Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 163 (1-2): 193-201
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Aim of study (acc. to author)

The effects of a prenatal and postnatal exposure of rats to a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field on the development and composition of teeth should be investigated.

Background/further details

24 pregnant rats were divided into two groups (n=12 each): an exposure group and a sham exposure group, which were (sham) exposed during gestation. After birth, their offspring was further (sham) exposed in two groups with n=24 animals, respectively. On the 7th, 14th, and 21st day after birth, n=8 offspring rats from each group were killed and examined, respectively.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 2.45 GHz
Modulation type: pulsed
Exposure duration: continuous for 2 h/day during gestation (21 days) and up to 21 after birth
  • SAR: 9 mW/kg (± 2 mW/kg; for the head)

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 2.45 GHz
Type
Exposure duration continuous for 2 h/day during gestation (21 days) and up to 21 after birth
Modulation
Modulation type pulsed
Repetition frequency 217 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Chamber specific room with plastic furniture and walls completely covered with chromium-nickel sheets
Setup six rats were exposed simultaneously in ventilated cylindrical PVC restrainers; animals were placed with close contact to the antenna; exposure systems and procedures were kept in a Faraday cage, which had a shielding effectiveness of 100 dB
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 9 mW/kg - measured and calculated - ± 2 mW/kg; for the head

Reference articles

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

The only significant differences between exposed and sham exposed animals were found in the elemental composition of the incisors after 21 days. The amounts of strontium and iron were significantly increased whereas boron, copper and zinc were significantly decreased in the exposure group compared to the sham exposure group.
The authors conclude that a prenatal and postnatal exposure of rats to a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field has no effects on the development of teeth. However, changes in the chemical elemental composition of teeth with unknown consequences might be induced.

Study character:

Study funded by

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