To investigate the effects of an exposure to microwaves on cognitive performance as well as oxidative stress level and cytokine production in rats.
3 groups of rats were examined (n=6 per group): 1.) sham exposure, 2.) exposure to 900 MHz-electromagnetic field and 3.) exposure to 1800 MHz-electromagnetic field.
Exposure | Parameters |
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Exposure 1:
900 MHz
Exposure duration:
2 h/day, 5 days a week for 30 days
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|
Exposure 2:
1,800 MHz
Exposure duration:
2 h/day, 5 days a week for 30 days
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|
Frequency | 900 MHz |
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Type | |
Exposure duration | 2 h/day, 5 days a week for 30 days |
Exposure source | |
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Distance between exposed object and exposure source | 1 m |
Chamber | during exposure rats were restrained in a closed box (30 cm x 20 cm x15 cm) divided in 4 compartements with holes of 1 cm for ventilation; 6 rats were placed within the device in two such boxes simultaneously |
Setup | GTEM cell was a pyramidal tapered, dual terminated section with outer cell dimension of 220 cm Œ 120 cm Œ 80 cm; microwave chamber was lined with absorbers to minimize reflections |
Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAR | 0.5953 mW/kg | mean | calculated | - | - |
power density | 1.68 W/m² | - | - | - | - |
power | 0.2408 mW | - | - | - | received by the animals |
Frequency | 1,800 MHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Exposure duration | 2 h/day, 5 days a week for 30 days |
Exposure source |
|
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Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAR | 0.5835 mW/kg | mean | calculated | - | - |
power density | 1.72 W/m² | - | - | - | - |
power | 0.2408 mW | - | - | - | received by the animals |
In the elevated plus maze and the Morris water maze, the spatial memory and learning was significantly decreased in the exposed groups in comparison to the sham exposed group. No significant differences occurred between the exposure groups.
In the exposed group the levels of the lipid oxidation and protein oxidation as well as the levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were significantly increased and the level of reduced glutathione was significantly decreased compared to the sham exposed group.
The authors conclude that exposure to microwaves could lead to cognitive impairments in rats and that these effects could be due to an increased oxidative stress level.
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