This article presents a survey of three consecutive studies (see publication 599, publication 646, and publication 5336) investigating the effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones on sleep parameters.
| Exposure | Parameters |
|---|---|
|
Exposure 1:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
continuous for 8 h
first study
|
|
|
Exposure 2:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
continuous for 8 h
second study
|
|
|
Exposure 3:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
repeated daily exposure, 8 h/night for 2 nights
third study
|
|
| Frequency | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Polarization | |
| Exposure duration | continuous for 8 h |
| Additional info | first study |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Pulse width | 580 µs |
| Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|---|
| Distance between exposed object and exposure source | 40 cm |
| Setup | The mobile phone was located 40 cm from the head (vertex) of the subjects lying in bed. |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional info | Following an adaptation night, two polysomnographies were performed with or without EMF for half of the subjects in double-blind order. |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| power | 8 W | peak value | - | - | - |
| power density | 0.5 W/m² | unspecified | estimated | - | - |
| Frequency | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Polarization |
|
| Exposure duration | continuous for 8 h |
| Additional info | second study |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|---|
| Chamber | Sleeping chamber constructed of absorbing material |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional info | double-blind study |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| power density | 0.2 W/m² | unspecified | measured | - | - |
| Frequency | 900 MHz |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Polarization |
|
| Exposure duration | repeated daily exposure, 8 h/night for 2 nights |
| Additional info | third study |
| Modulation type | pulsed |
|---|---|
| Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
| Exposure source |
|
|---|---|
| Chamber | Sleeping chamber constructed of absorbing material |
| Sham exposure | A sham exposure was conducted. |
| Additional info | Subjects spent 2 sessions, at least 7 days apart, of 3 consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory: one session consisted of an adaptation night and 2 consecutive nights for the recording of the polysomnographies. Half of the subjects were exposed to EMF in the first or the second session (blinded). |
| Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| power density | 50 W/m² | unspecified | unspecified | - | - |
A pronounced hypnotic and REM sleep-suppressive effect of the field was the main finding of the first study (publication 599), but it could not be replicated by the following ones, even though the power flux density applied in the third study (publication 5336) exceeded by far that of the pilot study.
Potential explanations are differences in physical qualities of the fields applied in the different investigations (like the type of polarization), interindividual differences in sensitivity to electromagnetic fields among the subjects under study, and the existence of 'window effects', where interactions with sleep architecture only occur in special ranges of power flux densities.
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