Induction of cell activation processes by low frequency electromagnetic fields review

Endpoint

• genotoxicity/mutation: genotoxicity, micronucleus induction
• cell viability/cell division/proliferation: cytotoxicity, cell cycles progression, general cell responses, cell survival/apoptosis, cell proliferation
• cell function: signal transduction
• cancer: carcinogenesis (initiation and promotion process)
• mechanistic model for cell activation

Exposure

• • 50/60 Hz
  • low frequency
• • power transmission line