Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2053 studies in total
  1. 765 studies
  2. 637 studies
  3. 517 studies
  4. 414 studies
  5. 330 studies
  6. 208 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

637 studies in total
  1. 257 studies
  2. 212 studies
  3. 184 studies
  4. 47 studies

(Oxidative) stress response 184 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Buldak RJ et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, AT478 (murine squamous cell carcinoma cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Morabito C et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, C2C12 cells (undifferentiated myoblasts and differentiated myotubes) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Eleuteri AM et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, Caco 2 cells (human colon adenocarcinoma cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 1 mT
Cios A et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, HEK293 (kidney cells), 786-O, 769-P, and Caki1 (clear cell renal carcinoma cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 4.5 mT
Duong CN et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, HMO6 cells (human microglial cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.01–1 mT
Palumbo R et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (T lymphocyte hybridoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, co-exposure 1 mT
Garip AI et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Mannerling AC et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.025–0.1 mT
Ayse IG et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5 mT
Brisdelli F et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.01–2 mT
Patruno A et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Jedrzejczak-Silicka M et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, L929 cells (murine fibroblast cells) and HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency 5.9–28.4 mT
Nieminen V et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) static magnetic field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Ramazi S et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) and HFF cells (human foreskin fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Hong MN et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, MCF10A cells (human breast epithelial cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Elexpuru-Zabaleta M et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 (breast cancer cell lines) and MCF-10A (breast cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Lazzarini R et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, MDA-MB-231 cells (breast cancer cell line) and MDA-MB-231 (human breast cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Lekovic MH et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, MRC-5 (human diploid fibroblasts) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 10 mT
Cheun BS et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1.4 mT
Martínez MA et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, NB69 cells (human neuroblastoma cells) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 100 µT
Calcabrini C et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, NCTC 2544 cells (human keratinocytes) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.025–0.2 mT
Farina M et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 neuroblastoma cells, C2C12 cells, GL15 glioblastoma cells magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Falone S et al. 2007 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Luukkonen J et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Reale M et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Benassi B et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Kesari KK et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Reale M et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Falone S et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, co-exposure 0.1–1 mT
Consales C et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Mustafa E et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Nieminen V et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF -
Villarini M et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE-2 (human neuroblastoma cell lines) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF 0.01–1 mT
Kesari KK et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y cells (human neuroblastoma cell line) and C6 (rat glioma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10–30 µT
Colciago A et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, Schwann cells (from sciatic nerves of neonatal rats) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Patruno A et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Antonia P et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Fiorani M et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, erythrocytes (from rabbit) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 200–500 µT
Kula B et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, fibroblasts magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 20–490 mT
Feng B et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.2–2 mT
Feng B et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic epithelial cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 4 mT
Feng B et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic epithelial cells (FL) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–0.4 mT
Lewicka M et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, human blood platelets electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, therapeutic/medical device 0.5–10 mT
Wang D et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, human cancer cell lines (HeLa, HCT116, MCF7, A549, and GIST-T1), rat cancer cell lines (differentiated PC12, undifferentiated PC12, and C6), non-cancer cell lines (RPE1, CHO, and 293T) 50/60 Hz, static magnetic field, magnetic field -
Basile A et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, human melanoma cell lines (M14 and A375), animal, mouse/BALB/c nu/nu mic with M14 xenografts, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 30 A/m
Jung JH et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, human mesenchymal stem cells magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz -
Yuan LQ et al. 2020 intact cell/cell culture, human nephroblastoma cell line G401, human embryonic renal epithelial cell line HEK293, human lung cancer cell line A549, human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901, human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1, human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1, human pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line HPDE6-C7, wild-type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells, NBS1-/-MEF and MDC1-/-MEF cells static magnetic field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Muti ND et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, human spermatozoa magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Lupke M et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, human umbilical cord blood-derived monocytes and human Mono Mac 6 cells (human acute monocytic leukemia cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Naarala J et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), C6 cells (rat glioma cell line) static magnetic field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, shielding/field deprivation 0.2–120 µT