Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2053 studies in total
  1. 765 studies
  2. 637 studies
  3. 517 studies
  4. 414 studies
  5. 330 studies
  6. 208 studies

DNA, proteins, and oxidative stress

637 studies in total
  1. 257 studies
  2. 212 studies
  3. 184 studies
  4. 47 studies

Gene/protein expression (in general) 257 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Antonini RA et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, magnetic field 1–2 mT
Benfante R et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 1–2 mT
Sulpizio M et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Hasanzadeh H et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Rezaie-Tavirani M et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5–1 mT
Benassi B et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, co-exposure 1 mT
Mustafa E et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Aparicio-Bautista DI et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Calabro E 2016 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y cells (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Colciago A et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, Schwann cells (from sciatic nerves of neonatal rats) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Yahyapour R et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, T98 (glioma cell line) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, also other exposures without EMF -
Yomori H et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, T98G (human glioblastoma) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–500 µT
Patruno A et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Miller SC et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, U937 (human leukemic monocyte cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 0.08–1.3 mT
Kuzniar A et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, VH10 (human fibroblasts), U2OS (human osteosarcoma cells) and IB10 (mouse embryonic stem cells) UMTS, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi, RF field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, magnetic field -
Bodega G et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, astroglial cells of P0-P1 Wistar rats magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Schmidt-Rohlfing B et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, chondrocytes (from human articular cartilage of osteoarthritic knee joints) magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, electrotherapy 2 mT
Olivares-Banuelos T et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, chromaffin cells (from neonatal Wistar rats) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 700 µT
Li Y et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, dorsal root ganglion neurons (rat/Sprague-Dawley) magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.1–100 mT
Ma Q et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.5–2 mT
Sun L et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, fungi/<i>Irpex lacteus</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 3.5 mT
Desjobert H et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, human Epstein-Barr-virus-immortalized lymphoid cells and human leukemic cell line (HL-60) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 10 µT–1 mT
Heidari S et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer cell line (AGS) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 0.2–2 mT
Mousavi Maleki NS et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer cell line (AGS) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Sendera A et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Caliogna L et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and primary human osteoblasts magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, therapeutic/medical device -
Qiu L et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic (FL) cells 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 0.4 mT
Feng B et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic epithelial cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 4 mT
Ye AF et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic epithelial cells (FL) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Urnukhsaikhan E et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 10 mT
Lee YJ et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure -
Seong Y et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs), mouse neural stem cells, animal, mouse, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–2 mT
Phillips JL et al. 1986 intact cell/cell culture, human colon carcinoma cell line (Colo 205 and Colo 320 DM) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Phillips JL 1986 intact cell/cell culture, human colon carcinoma cell line (Colo 205) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1 mT
Lim HM et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, human dental pulp stem cells magnetic field, signals/pulses, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 10 mT
Moraveji M et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human dermal papilla mesenchymal cells magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Richard D et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, human diploid amniotic fluid cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Huang CY et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, human epidermal keratinocytes (derived from neonatal foreskin) and HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1.5 mT
Zhu H et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human fetal scleral fibroblasts magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2 mT
Zhu H et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human fetal scleral fibroblasts magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Wang J et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human fetal scleral fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2 mT
Shi B et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, human fibroblasts (derived from neonatal foreskin) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 8.4 mT
Mansoury F et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) and human normal fibroblast (Hu02) cell lines magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Choi JH et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human hair bulb spheroid and hair follicle cultures magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Takahashi M et al. 2023 intact cell/cell culture, human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (CD34+ cells derived from human cord blood) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Ardeshirylajimi A et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, human induced pluripotent stem cells magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 1.5 mT
Takahashi M et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human induced pluripotent stem cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Karimi A et al. 2022 intact cell/cell culture, human malignant melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-37) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Reale M et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, human monocytes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Grassi C et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, human neuroblastoma cell line (IMR 32) and rat pituitary (GH3) cell line magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 200–500 µT